Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42421744›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in aging2026

Extracellular vesicles as minimally invasive biomarkers and therapeutic platforms in rare neurological diseases.

Nathan D Phan, Raghu Rai Sharma, Subbaya Subramanian, Reena V Kartha

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in aging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Nathan D PhanCenter for Orphan Drug Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Raghu Rai SharmaCenter for Orphan Drug Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Subbaya SubramanianDepartment of Surgery, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Reena V KarthaCenter for Orphan Drug Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rare neurological diseases (RND) represent a growing but underrecognized global health burden, particularly in aging populations in whom clinical manifestations appear later in life, resulting in substantial morbidity, reduced quality of life, and increased mortality. Advances in understanding and treating these diseases have been hindered by low prevalence, phenotypic heterogeneity, and complex molecular mechanisms. Importantly, shared genetic and mechanistic links between rare and common neurodegenerative disorders, such as

Indexed as

agingextracellular vesiclesminimally invasive biomarkersrare neurological diseasestherapeutic applications

Identifiers

PMID42421744
PMCPMC13341616

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.