ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2026
Temporal trends and disparities in heat-related cardiovascular mortality in the United States (1999-2024): a CDC WONDER analysis.
Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Rising global temperatures and increasing frequency of extreme heat events have raised growing concerns regarding heat-related cardiovascular mortality. Heat exposure can exacerbate underlying cardiovascular conditions and precipitate acute adverse events. This study aimed to evaluate national trends in heat-related cardiovascular mortality in the United States from 1999 to 2024. We conducted a retrospective analysis using the CDC WONDER Multiple Cause-of-Death database. Deaths among adults aged ≥25 years with heat-related conditions (ICD-10 code T67) listed as contributing causes and diseases of the circulatory system (ICD-10 codes I00-I99) as underlying causes were identified. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population were calculated using the 2000 U.S. standard population. Temporal trends were analyzed using Joinpoint regression to estimate annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC). A total of 10,731 deaths were identified. Mortality declined significantly between 1999 and 2004, followed by variable trends, with a sharp and statistically significant increase observed from 2015 to 2024 (APC: 17.58%;
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