ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2026
Ecological differentiation at the polar frontier: metabolic strategies of endemic and cosmopolitan bacteria in Antarctic microbial mats.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study is the first to characterize the metabolic strategies of endemic and cosmopolitan bacterial species in Antarctic microbial mats. Of the 43 isolates obtained, 21 strains were identified as belonging to 12 endemic (EN) bacterial species, while 22 strains represented 16 cosmopolitan (CO) species. Metabolic profiles for these strains were determined using the Biolog Gen III microarray metabolic fingerprinting test. The results suggest a possible relationship between patterns of metabolic activity, environmental tolerance, and the biogeographic range of the species. CO strains showed statistically significantly higher metabolic activity, utilizing approximately half of the substrates, whereas EN strains utilized one-third. Statistically significant differences were observed in the utilization of sugar alcohols, amino sugars, phosphosugars, amino acids, and sugar acids. Among CO species, strains with exceptionally broad metabolic potential and high resistance to environmental factors were identified. The results confirmed the hypothesis that the metabolic strategies of bacteria in microbial mats may be determined by the original biogeographic range of the species. As indicated by this study, the presence of cosmopolitan species in polar environments alter the structure of native microbial communities. Their migration to isolated environments may contributes to the biotic homogenization of microbiomes globally, potentially leading to the gradual displacement of endemic species. Consequently, this phenomenon may influence key ecological processes in polar ecosystems, including matter cycling and the functioning of microbial communities. The current study contributes to the discussion on contemporary microbial biogeography, indicating that the geographic ranges of species may be related to metabolic strategies and environmental adaptations.
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