Evidence mapPaperPMID 42423528Full record

ReviewBiochemical Society transactions2026

Escape from X-chromosome inactivation: from gene discovery to regulatory mechanisms.

Caterina Simoncini, Agnese Loda

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biochemical Society transactions, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Caterina SimonciniInstitut Imagine, Inserm UMR 1163, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France.
Agnese LodaInstitut Imagine, Inserm UMR 1163, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0001-8109-128X

Funding

Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) ANR-25-CE12-6149Institut des maladies génétiques Imagine (Institut Imagine) Core Funding
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Early in mammalian development, one of the two X chromosomes in female embryos is largely silenced through X-chromosome inactivation (XCI). Although essential for dosage compensation, XCI is incomplete, with ∼5%-20% of X-linked genes escaping silencing. Escape from XCI represents an important source of sex-biased gene expression and has been increasingly linked to sex differences in development and disease susceptibility. Yet, how a subset of X-linked genes bypass XCI remains poorly understood. Here, we discuss the studies that have revealed the prevalence and variability of XCI escape across genes, tissues, and individuals in both humans and mice. We then summarize current insights into the molecular features and regulatory mechanisms associated with XCI escape, highlighting key questions that remain to be addressed to understand how X-linked gene dosage is regulated and how it contributes to sex-biased biology.

Indexed as

X Chromosome InactivationAnimalsChromosomes, Human, XDosage Compensation, GeneticFemaleGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalGenes, X-LinkedHumansMaleMiceX Chromosomechromatin dynamicsDevelopmental gene regulationDosage CompensationSex DifferencesX-chromosome inactivation

Identifiers

PMID42423528
PMCPMC13358730

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.