ArticleClinical cardiology2026
The Association Between Bending Photoplethysmography Waveform Area Index and Congestive Heart Failure.
Article in Clinical cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- The Association Between Bending Photoplethysmography Waveform Area Index and Congestive Heart Failure.Clinical cardiology · 2026Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
aimsCongestive heart failure (CHF) is closely associated with a decrease in cardiac output, and photoplethysmography (PPG) parameters can experimentally assess cardiac output. It is unclear whether there is an association between the change of bending photoplethysmography waveform area index (BPWAI) due to postural changes and CHF.
methodsWe enrolled patients with suspected CHF. Patients completed physical examination, echocardiography, and pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) test during their visit, and finger-end PPG waveform area was measured in the sitting and bending positions using PPG. We then used logistic regression to analyze the association between BPWAI and CHF, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to assess the event risk association strength.
resultsA total of 523 patients with suspected CHF were included in this study, of whom 291 (55.6%) had a final diagnosis of CHF. The association between BPWAI and CHF decreased 0.45-fold for per 1 standard deviation increase in BPWAI (OR: 0.55 [95% CI, 0.44-0.68]). The AUC for BPWAI associated with CHF was 0.736 (95% CI, 0.689-0.782), with a corresponding sensitivity of 67.4% and specificity of 71.5%, and a cut-off value of 0.85 for the diagnosis of CHF.
conclusionWhen patients bend over, their PPG waveform area decreases, which is closely associated with patients with CHF. BPWAI is significantly associated with CHF and may serve as a potential associated indicator for CHF.
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