Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42427696›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Liquid crystalline mesophase spacing as a quantitative predictor of release kinetics for co-loaded hydrophilic and hydrophobic payloads.

Sophia R Dasaro, Shruti S Sawant, Alexa Stern, Lucas D Johnson, Caleb F Fretz, Malinda Salim, Nigel Kirby, Ben J Boyd, Brian K Wilson, Gregg Duncan and 2 more

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Sophia R DasaroDepartment of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S. University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Shruti S SawantDepartment of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Alexa SternFischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Lucas D JohnsonDepartment of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S. University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Caleb F FretzDepartment of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S. University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Malinda SalimDrug Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
Nigel KirbyAustralian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
Ben J BoydDrug Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
Brian K WilsonBindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States.
Gregg DuncanFischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Qi T ZhouDepartment of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Kurt RistrophDepartment of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S. University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6771-6105

Funding

Advancing innovative therapies against pandrug-resistant Gram-negative superbugsR01AI146160 · NIAID · PURDUE UNIVERSITY · PI LI, JIAN, ZHOU, QI · 2019 to 2023
$3.2M
Aerosol delivery of combinational therapeutics targeting deadly lung infectionsR01HL167828 · NHLBI · PURDUE UNIVERSITY · PI QI ZHOU · 2024 to 2026
$1.8M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL167828NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI146160
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Liquid crystalline mesophases exhibit structurally programmable internal architectures that enable co-loading of chemically orthogonal molecules within a single composite material. Realizing the potential of these materials for drug delivery requires a quantitative understanding of how tuning the composition affects internal mesophase architecture and consequently performance metrics such as payload release. Here, Flash NanoPrecipitation with hydrophobic ion pairing is used to prepare nanocarriers containing liquid crystalline mesophases co-encapsulating two compounds from widely different chemical classes: hydrophilic polymyxin B (logP -6) with one of four hydrophobic co-core materials (logP 7-11), achieving >75% encapsulation efficiency and up to 32% and 50% mass loadings for polymyxin and co-core. Synchrotron SAXS is used to quantify characteristic mesophase repeat spacing, which is found to be tunable as a function of composition. A strong correlation between d-spacing and polymyxin release rate is presented. Co-core chemistry and weight fraction jointly govern mesophase architecture, and repeat distance emerges as a structural metric linking these to the hydrophilic payload release kinetics. Mucus diffusivity and antibacterial efficacy are assessed as independent performance metrics, and results corroborate the release behavior. These findings establish a quantitative framework connecting material composition, mesophase architecture, and functional performance that can be applied toward rational co-formulation design.

Indexed as

liquid crystalline mesophasesnanocarriersmall angle X-ray scatteringstructure-function relationshipstherapeutic co-encapsulation

Identifiers

PMID42427696
PMCPMC13344966

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.