Evidence mapPaperPMID 42430127Full record

ArticleCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2026

Oral Lysozyme Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Brain Injury After Traumatic Brain Injury Through Gut Microbiota-Dependent Reprogramming of Tryptophan Metabolism.

Zhuoying Du, Haijun Yao, Caihua Xi, Qiang Yuan, Pengfei Fu, Jin Hu, Gang Wu, Weijian Yang

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Article in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Zhuoying DuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Haijun YaoDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Caihua XiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Qiang YuanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Pengfei FuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Jin HuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Gang WuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Weijian YangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4261-4716

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82171382National Natural Science Foundation of China 82401618National Natural Science Foundation of China 82471407Research Foundation of Huashan Hospital, Affiliated to Fudan University 2021QD026
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTraumatic brain injury (TBI) induces secondary neuroinflammation and gut dysbiosis. This study investigated whether oral lysozyme confers neuroprotection after TBI through gut microbiota-dependent metabolic reprogramming of tryptophan metabolism.

methodsIn a severe TBI mouse model, neurological function, neuroinflammation, intestinal barrier integrity, and systemic immune homeostasis were assessed following oral lysozyme administration. Fecal untargeted metabolomics, antibiotic-mediated microbiota depletion, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) were used to explore microbiota involvement. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 10 matched pairs of patients with severe TBI was analyzed for tryptophan pathway metabolites by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

resultsLysozyme improved neurological outcomes, attenuated neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation, and restored peripheral CD4

conclusionsOral lysozyme was associated with attenuated TBI-induced neuroinflammation and brain injury, potentially through gut microbiota-dependent tryptophan metabolism reprogramming. Concordance between preclinical and clinical metabolomic data supports lysozyme as a candidate microbiota-targeted therapeutic strategy. The KYNA/QA ratio warrants further validation as a prognostic indicator in larger, longitudinal cohorts.

Indexed as

Brain Injuries, TraumaticGastrointestinal MicrobiomeMuramidaseNeuroinflammatory DiseasesNeuroprotective AgentsTryptophanAdministration, OralAnimalsHumansMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMuramidaseNeuroprotective AgentsTryptophangut–brain axiskynurenic acidlysozymeneuroinflammationtraumatic brain injurytryptophan metabolism

Identifiers

PMID42430127
PMCPMC13353188

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.