Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42432283›Full record

ArticleDiabetologia2026

Premeal insulin administration lowers postprandial blood glucose and increases myocardial microvascular blood flow in people with type 1 diabetes: a randomised, crossover clinical trial.

William B Horton, Kara C Anderson, Kaitlin M Love, Linda A Jahn, Lee M Hartline, James T Patrie, Jia Liu, Michael D Solga, Wilhelmina J Awan, Archana Thakur and 5 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetologia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04730882 (Effect of Postprandial Hyperglycemia on Vasculature in Type 1 Diabetes and Healthy Adults), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04730882 completednot on this map

Effect of Postprandial Hyperglycemia on Vasculature in Type 1 Diabetes and Healthy Adults

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of VirginiaRan2021 to 2024Enrolled36ConditionsType 1 Diabetes, Hyperglycemia, PostprandialArmsMixed Meal
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

William B HortonDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA. william.horton@uvahealth.org.
Kara C AndersonDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Kaitlin M LoveAdventHealth Translational Research Institute, Orlando, FL, USA.
Linda A JahnDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Lee M HartlineDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
James T PatrieDivision of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Jia LiuDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Michael D SolgaFlow Cytometry Core, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Wilhelmina J AwanFlow Cytometry Core, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Archana ThakurCenter for Human Therapeutics cGMP Facility, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Dana L SchalkCenter for Human Therapeutics cGMP Facility, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Mason G BeckerCenter for Human Therapeutics cGMP Facility, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Catherine E KuzasCenter for Human Therapeutics cGMP Facility, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Kevin W AylorDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Eugene J BarrettDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

Funding

American Heart Association 941481Breakthrough T1D 3-SRA-2023-1236-M-B
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisWe aimed to evaluate whether prandial insulin timing affects vascular function in people with type 1 diabetes. Our hypothesis was that premeal insulin administration would lead to greater myocardial microvascular blood flow (MBF) via blunting postprandial hyperglycaemia.

methodsPeople with type 1 diabetes between 18 and 35 years of age with BMI <30 kg/m

resultsEighteen people with type 1 diabetes and 18 matched control participants were analysed within each protocol. Glucose area under the curve was significantly greater (p=0.015) in the postmeal insulin study compared with the premeal insulin study in participants with type 1 diabetes. Myocardial microvascular flow velocity significantly increased (p=0.031) with premeal insulin administration in people with type 1 diabetes and this consequently led to greater myocardial MBF (p=0.044). There were no changes in myocardial MBF within the other protocols. Changes in vital signs were similar between all protocols. CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationAppropriately timed premeal insulin led to lower postprandial blood glucose along with increased myocardial MBF in people with type 1 diabetes. Further work is needed to determine the underlying aetiology of these changes.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04730882.

Indexed as

Carbohydrate metabolismCardiac complicationsEndotheliumInsulin actionInsulin therapyMicrovascular disease

Identifiers

PMID42432283

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.