SynthesisFrontiers in medicine2026
Associations of the systemic immune-inflammation index and systemic inflammatory response index with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Recent evidence suggests that Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) are associated with the presence and prognosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, existing research results remain controversial. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from inception to March 23, 2026. Observational studies investigating the associations of SII or SIRI with COPD risk, all-cause mortality (ACM), or respiratory failure (RF) were included. Data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.4.1 and Stata 15.1. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Results: Eleven studies involving 59,621 participants were included. Elevated SII was significantly associated with the higher prevalence of COPD (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.06-1.41), higher ACM (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.09-1.36), and an higher risk of RF (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.28-2.02). In contrast, no significant association was observed between SIRI and COPD risk (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.90-1.45). Subgroup analyses indicated that the association between SII and COPD risk was not statistically significant in cohort studies, populations aged ≥65, studies conducted in Europe, and patients with acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the stability of the pooled estimates, and no significant publication bias was detected by funnel plots or Egger's test. Conclusion: Compared with SIRI, SII is an easily measurable and promising biomarker. Existing evidence confirms its association with COPD prevalence, ACM, and RF. Further prospective studies shall establish standardized cutoff values and validate their clinical utility across diverse populations.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.