ReviewFood science & nutrition2026
The Effects of Fasting and Caloric Restriction on Reproductive Hormones: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and GRADE Assessment.
Review in Food science & nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fasting and caloric restriction (CR) have shown promising effects in body composition management and metabolic health. Both CR and time-restricted eating (TRE) have been associated with improved insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles. Although dietary and lifestyle interventions for weight management may influence reproductive hormones, the specific impact of these dietary strategies on reproductive hormones is still unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effects of different types of fasting and CR on reproductive hormones in adults. Parallel or crossover randomized controlled trials published up to April 2025 were identified through PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Eligible studies included adult participants aged ≥ 18 years undergoing fasting (alternate-day, TRE, or full-day fasting) or CR (20%-30% energy reduction). The primary outcomes were changes in reproductive hormones, including testosterone, free testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, estrogen, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), prolactin, and progesterone, analyzed using random-effects models. The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach was used to assess the certainty of evidence. Fifteen randomized trials (
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