Evidence mapPaperPMID 42434341Full record

ArticleInternational journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention2026

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy in Somalia: A multilevel analysis of the 2020 Demographic and Health Survey.

Abdisalam Mahdi Hassan, Abdirahman Omer Ali, Muhyadin Yusuf Dahir, Nimo Mohamoud Barakale, Md Moyazzem Hossain

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Article in International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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5 authors.

Abdisalam Mahdi HassanCenter for Community Services, Amoud University College of Health Sciences, Borama, Somalia.
Abdirahman Omer AliSchool of Postgraduate Studies and Research, Amoud University, Amoud Valley, Borama, Somalia.
Muhyadin Yusuf DahirSchool of Postgraduate Studies and Research, Amoud University, Amoud Valley, Borama, Somalia.
Nimo Mohamoud BarakaleSchool of Postgraduate Studies and Research, Amoud University, Amoud Valley, Borama, Somalia.
Md Moyazzem HossainDepartment of Statistics and Data Science, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.

Funding

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are significant contributors to maternal mortality, particularly in low-resource settings like Somalia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of this condition during antenatal care (ANC) and identify associated risk factors among pregnant women in Somalia. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 3034 women aged 15-49 years who had at least one ANC visit for their most recent live birth, using the 2020 Somalia Health and Demographic Survey (SHDS). Multilevel logistic regression was employed to identify associated individual and contextual factors. Results: The overall prevalence of reported HDP during ANC was 11.0%. In the adjusted multilevel model, factors significantly associated with of reported HDP included primary education (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 0.62, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.43-0.90), secondary education (AOR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.19-0.79), attending four or more ANC visits (AOR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.31-0.69), and delivering in a health facility (AOR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.41-0.71). Pronounced regional disparities were observed, with women in regions such as Banadir (AOR: 4.94, 95% CI: 2.36-10.32) reporting a significantly higher rate of HDP than those in the Awdal region. Conclusion: Findings reveal that women with higher education and more frequent ANC visits had lower odds of reporting HDP, a counterintuitive result that suggests complex underlying factors in diagnosis and reporting. Urgent, targeted interventions are imperative to address regional inequities and understand the drivers of HDP to improve maternal health outcomes.

Indexed as

Antenatal careHypertensive disorders of pregnancyMaternal healthMultilevel analysisSomalia

Identifiers

PMID42434341
PMCPMC13352404

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.