Evidence mapPaperPMID 42435249Full record

ReviewCurrent atherosclerosis reports2026

The Angiopoietin-like Protein (ANGPTL) Axis in Dyslipidemia: Mechanisms, Cardiovascular Risk, and Emerging Therapies.

Isabela C Bitencourt, André Zimerman, Nicholas A Marston

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In one paragraph

Review in Current atherosclerosis reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Isabela C BitencourtMOVE Academic Research Organization, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Moinhos de Vento Medical School, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
André ZimermanMOVE Academic Research Organization, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Moinhos de Vento Medical School, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Nicholas A MarstonCardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. nmarston@bwh.harvard.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewThe angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL) 3-4-8 axis has emerged as a central regulator of lipoprotein lipase and lipid metabolism. This review examines the mechanistic basis of ANGPTL pathway modulation and therapeutic implications for cardiovascular risk reduction across diverse phenotypes of dyslipidemia. RECENT

findingsGenetic studies demonstrate that loss-of-function variants in ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 are associated with lower triglycerides and decreased coronary artery disease risk. Pharmacologic inhibition of ANGPTL3 with monoclonal antibodies and RNA-based therapies reduces triglycerides, remnant cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein B (apoB) through mechanisms predominantly independent of the LDL receptor. Clinical trials with ANGPTL3 inhibitors have demonstrated marked LDL-C reductions in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH), as well as broad lipid-lowering effects in patients with mixed dyslipidemia. Emerging strategies targeting the ANGPTL3/8 complex and ANGPTL4 further refine lipid-lowering effects, while early genome-editing data suggest the potential for durable ANGPTL3 suppression. Modulation of the ANGPTL-lipoprotein lipase axis is a novel strategy to address residual atherosclerotic risk beyond traditional LDL receptor-dependent therapies. ANGPTL3 inhibitors have been practice-changing in HoFH, and more broadly, ANGPTL-directed therapies hold promise for patients with mixed dyslipidemia to mitigate cardiovascular risk.

Indexed as

Angiopoietin-like ProteinsCardiovascular DiseasesDyslipidemiasAngiopoietin-Like Protein 3AnimalsHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansLipid MetabolismAngiopoietin-Like Protein 3Angiopoietin-like ProteinsANGPTL3 protein, humanAngiopoietin-like proteinsAntibodies, monoclonalHypercholesterolemia, familialHypertriglyceridemiaLipoprotein lipaseRNA Interference

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.