Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42436730›Full record

ArticleResuscitation plus2026

Timing and outcomes of out-of-hospital traumatic cardiac arrest: results of a multicentre, retrospective cohort study.

Romana Erblich, Matthias Noitz, Marius Knöll, Helmut Trimmel, Wolfgang Voelckel, Luca Carenzo, Marius Rehn, Dominik Jenny, Jens Meier, Martin W Dünser

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Resuscitation plus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Romana ErblichDepartment of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Kepler University Hospital and Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
Matthias NoitzDepartment of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Kepler University Hospital and Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
Marius KnöllDepartment of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Kepler University Hospital and Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
Helmut TrimmelKarl Landsteiner Institute for Medical Simulation, Patient Safety and Emergency Medicine, Seebenstein, Austria.
Wolfgang VoelckelOEAMTC Flugrettung, Vienna, Austria.
Luca CarenzoDepartment of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milano, Italy.
Marius RehnAir Ambulance Department, Division of Prehospital Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Dominik JennyDepartment of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Kepler University Hospital and Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
Jens MeierDepartment of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Kepler University Hospital and Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
Martin W DünserDepartment of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Kepler University Hospital and Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Out-of-hospital traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) is associated with high mortality. Outcomes may depend on the timing of TCA onset. This study aimed to characterize the timing of out-of-hospital TCA and its association with patient outcomes. Methods: In this multicentre, retrospective, observational study, patients with out-of-hospital TCA attended by a nationwide helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) were included. TCA timing was stratified into three prehospital intervals: on scene before arrival of the first emergency medical service (EMS) unit, on scene after EMS arrival, and during HEMS transport. Primary outcomes were proportions of TCA across time intervals. Secondary outcomes included sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), 30-day survival, and 1-year survival in patients without criteria to withhold resuscitation. Multivariable regression was used to identify predictors of sustained ROSC and 1-year survival among patients sustaining TCA before EMS arrival. Results: Among 1532 patients, 90.2% sustained TCA before EMS arrival, 8.2% after EMS arrival, and 1.6% during HEMS transport. Sustained ROSC occurred in 20.8%, 47.2%, and 92.0% of patients, respectively ( Conclusion: Nine out of ten out-of-hospital TCAs occur before EMS arrival. Timing of out-of-hospital TCA is associated with resuscitation success and survival. Meaningful survival rates are, however, achievable irrespective of TCA onset. This supports resuscitation efforts in all patients with out-of-hospital TCA and no criteria to withhold resuscitation.

Indexed as

Helicopter emergency medical serviceInjuryOn sceneOut-of-hospitalReturn of spontaneous circulationSurvivalTransportTrauma

Identifiers

PMID42436730
PMCPMC13355779

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.