ArticleInternational journal of pharmaceutics: X2026
Dissolving microneedle patches loaded with resveratrol albumin nanoclusters for corneal anti-angiogenic therapy.
Article in International journal of pharmaceutics: X, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a leading cause of corneal blindness. Although resveratrol (RES) effectively inhibits neovascularization, its clinical utility remains severely limited by poor aqueous solubility and low permeability across ocular surface barriers. To address these challenges, we developed dissolving microneedle patches encapsulating RES-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoclusters (RES-NC@MN). Specifically, we fabricated RES-NCs via a microfluidic-assisted nanoprecipitation method and systematically optimized the formulation using a three-factor Box-Behnken design. The optimized RES-NCs exhibited uniform spherical nanostructures (∼158 nm) with high encapsulation efficiency. XRD and DSC analyses confirmed the amorphous state of the encapsulated drug. The resulting RES-NC@MNs demonstrated sufficient mechanical strength for corneal insertion and facilitated rapid drug release. Notably, the steady-state flux of RES from RES-NC@MNs was approximately 10-fold higher than that from RES suspensions. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed that RES-NC@MNs achieved a 7.2-fold increase in C
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