Biomimetic co-delivery nanoplatform overcomes CAF- and TAM-induced immunosuppression to augment therapeutic efficacy against triple-negative breast cancer.

Haiwang Luo, Di Cao, Mei Ma, Xinyi Lu, Jing Wang

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in International journal of pharmaceutics: X, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Haiwang LuoSchool of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, 750004 Yinchuan, China.

Di CaoSchool of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, 750004 Yinchuan, China.

Mei MaSchool of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, 750004 Yinchuan, China.

Xinyi LuSchool of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, 750004 Yinchuan, China.

Jing WangSchool of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, 750004 Yinchuan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has emerged as a cornerstone therapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); however, its clinical efficacy remains suboptimal due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). TNBC is characterized by persistent activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and infiltration of immunosuppressive cells, particularly tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Notably, the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in both CAF activation and TAM polarization. To address these limitations, we developed an erythrocyte membrane-camouflaged biomimetic co-delivery nanoplatform encapsulating Vismodegib and BMS-1 (designated as E-V/B@NM).

Indexed as

Biomimetic nanomedicinesCAFsHedgehog pathwayImmunotherapyTAMsTNBC

Identifiers

PMID42436866

DOI10.1016/j.ijpx.2026.100597

PMCPMC13355734

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.