Evidence mapPaperPMID 42436972Full record

ArticleiScience2026

An AI-powered diagnostic system for grading and invasion of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer via TURBT specimens: A multicenter study.

Xiaoxuan Zhang, Hongyi Wang, Hui Zhou, Dan Xiao, Haoxiang Xiong, Jimin Cheng, Yingying He, Qianjin Feng, Jie Yang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xiaoxuan ZhangSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Hongyi WangSchool of Computer Science and Technology (National Exemplary Software School), Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing City, China.
Hui ZhouDepartment of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Dan XiaoDepartment of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Haoxiang XiongSchool of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Jimin ChengDepartment of General Surgery, Shishou People's Hospital, Jingzhou, China.
Yingying HeDepartment of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Qianjin FengSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Jie YangDepartment of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Early pathological examination for grading and invasion of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) via transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) specimens is a labor-intensive, subjective, and experience-dependent task, while the poor quality of TURBT specimens and the high heterogeneity of NMIBC tumors further limit diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. This study proposed a dual-channel multi-instance learning (DCMIL) model to simultaneously integrate the grading and invasion of NMIBC, while efficiently locating minor changes in the morphology and distribution of NMIBC cells in parallel. Developed on a multicenter dataset of 1332 whole slide images (WSIs) from TURBT specimens, DCMIL demonstrated outstanding accuracy and robust performance with areas under the curve of 0.851-0.983. In the reader study, DCMIL-assisted interpretation improved the diagnostic accuracy by an average of 13.31%-18.58% for inexperienced pathologists. Overall, DCMIL holds promise as a reliable initial assessment tool of NMIBC via TURBT specimens to support clinical decision-making.

Indexed as

artificial intelligencehistological gradingnon-muscle-invasive bladder cancerpathological diagnosissuperficial invasiontransurethral resection of bladder tumor

Identifiers

PMID42436972
PMCPMC13355820

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.