Evidence mapPaperPMID 42437852Full record

ReviewInflammopharmacology2026

Phytocompounds with immunomodulatory activities: mechanisms, therapeutic potential, and clinical prospects.

Noha A Mehana, Nourhan Ibrahim Morad, Rehab Mekky, Amal M Mahfoz, Riham A El-Shiekh, Mahmoud A Elrebehy

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Inflammopharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Noha A MehanaBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Nourhan Ibrahim MoradDepartment of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menofia University, Shibin Elkom, Menofia, 32511, Egypt.
Rehab MekkyBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University, Assiut, Egypt.
Amal M MahfozSaudi Toxicology Society, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Riham A El-ShiekhDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt. riham.adel@pharma.cu.edu.eg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3179-3352
Mahmoud A ElrebehyDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala, Suez, 43713, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The immune system is essential for host defense, immune surveillance, and maintenance of physiological homeostasis; its dysregulation underlies a broad spectrum of disorders, including autoimmune, inflammatory, infectious, neoplastic, and immunodeficiency diseases. Despite advances in modern immunotherapy, current treatments remain limited by suboptimal efficacy, adverse effects, resistance, and high cost, necessitating the development of safer and more effective immunomodulatory strategies. This review provides a comprehensive and integrative synthesis of phytocompounds as emerging immunomodulators, with emphasis on their mechanisms and translational potential. A structured literature search was conducted using major databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) covering studies published between 2000 and 2025. We systematically analyze major classes of bioactive phytocompounds, including polysaccharides, flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, and alkaloids, highlighting their capacity to modulate both innate and adaptive immune responses. These compounds exert pleiotropic effects through regulation of key immune cells; macrophages, dendritic cells, T and B lymphocytes, and natural killer cells, and modulation of critical signaling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPKs, JAK/STAT, and Nrf2. Importantly, this review bridges preclinical findings with clinical evidence, critically evaluating their therapeutic potential in autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions, infections, and immune-mediated metabolic disorders. Despite promising outcomes, challenges related to safety and clinical validation remain. Future research should focus on pharmacokinetics, standardized dosing, and large-scale clinical trials to support their therapeutic translation.

Indexed as

Immune disordersImmune systemImmunomodulatory agentsInnate and adaptive immunityNatural bioactive compoundsPhytocompounds

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.