Evidence mapPaperPMID 42440182Full record

ArticleBiogerontology2026

Silymarin attenuates senescence-exacerbated amyloidogenesis, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in lipopolysaccharide-induced memory impairment in aging mice.

Bienose S Chijioke, Benneth Ben-Azu, Daniel T Esuku, Miracle K Nekabari, Saviour G Usin, Faith B Friday, Prosper Iwhiwhu, Ayereoghene S Moses, Emmanuel O Chidebe, Samuel Nwawuba

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Article in Biogerontology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Bienose S ChijiokeDELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Benneth Ben-AzuDELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria. pharmben4ever@yahoo.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3569-3575
Daniel T EsukuDELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Miracle K NekabariDELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Saviour G Usin
Faith B FridayDELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Prosper IwhiwhuDELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Ayereoghene S MosesDELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Emmanuel O ChidebeDELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Samuel NwawubaAmerican University of Antigua College of Medicine, St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accelerated cellular perturbations such as cellular senescence, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative disease associated with memory decline. However, the senolytic effects of silymarin, a flavonolignan with known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, on memory decline remain unknown. Hence, we investigated the effect of silymarin on doxycycline-mediated senescence and exacerbated neuroinflammation in lipopolysaccharide-induced memory-impaired mice. Five groups of adult Swiss female mice (n = 10) were exposed to doxycycline-induced accelerated senescence for 21 days, followed by lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation from days 15-21, and silymarin (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) or donepezil (1 mg/kg, p.o.) treatments. Spatial and non-spatial memory, and social and motor function tests in mice were assessed. Biochemical assays were performed on the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus to assess senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs), including SA-β-galactosidase activity, cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10), amyloid-beta levels, acetylcholinesterase activity, oxidative stress markers, and molybdoenzymes. Doxycycline-lipopolysaccharide-exacerbated memory impairments were reversed by silymarin, accompanied by reduced molybdoenzymes, malondialdehyde, nitrite, and elevated antioxidants (glutathione, superoxide-dismutase, catalase) in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Additionally, silymarin reverses doxycycline-exacerbated lipopolysaccharide-induced increases in IL-6 and TNF-α release and myeloperoxidase activity while also reducing IL-10 levels. Similar to donepezil, silymarin reduced heightened acetylcholinesterase activity associated with doxycycline-enhanced lipopolysaccharide-induced accumulation of cortical SA-β-galactosidase and amyloid-β levels, relative to the doxycycline-lipopolysaccharide group. These findings suggest that silymarin ameliorates doxycycline-lipopolysaccharide-exacerbated memory impairment and modulates senescence and neuroinflammation by reducing oxidative stress, SASP marker levels, and amyloid-beta concentrations in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mouse brains.

Indexed as

AgingMemory DisordersNeuroinflammatory DiseasesOxidative StressSilymarinAnimalsAntioxidantsDoxycyclineFemaleLipopolysaccharidesMiceAntioxidantsDoxycyclineLipopolysaccharidesSilymarinCellular senescenceLipopolysaccharideNeuroinflammationNeuroprotectionOxidative StressSilymarin

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.