ArticleDrug delivery and translational research2026
Targeted co-delivery of curcumin and TRAIL via engineered extracellular vesicles: a synergistic therapy against resistant cancers.
Article in Drug delivery and translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a resistant malignancy with a rising global incidence, thereby highlighting an urgent need for innovative treatment strategies. Curcumin (CUR), a natural polyphenolic compound, is promising for cancer treatment. However, its clinical translation has been hindered by poor bioavailability, low solubility, and rapid elimination. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-expressing extracellular vesicle (EV-T) has been proven to be an ideal platform for integrating TRAIL-sensitizing agents with TRAIL for synergistic cancer therapies. Yet, no studies have explored whether CUR could be encapsulated in EV-Ts to achieve synergistic anticancer effects. Herein we hypothesize that EV-T modified by the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) tripeptide (denoted RGD@EV-T) exhibits enhanced tumor tropism. By loading CUR into RGD@EV-T, we could construct a novel nano-CUR formulation, namely RGD@EV-T-CUR, for co-delivery of CUR and TRAIL to achieve synergistic therapy for RCC. The RGD@EV-T was first prepared via anchoring CP05-RGD mediated integration, then CUR was efficiently encapsulated with an encapsulation rate of 53.4% to make RGD@EV-T-CUR. The RGD modification significantly enhanced the tumor tropism of EV-T by approximately 4-fold. Importantly, RGD@EV-T-CUR achieved synergistically enhanced apoptosis-inducing rate (74.9 ± 5.3%) in TRAIL-resistant RCC cells. Notably, RGD@EV-T-CUR demonstrated synergistically improved tumor growth inhibition efficacy (93.3%) compared to either CUR (28.7%) or RGD@EV-T (41.7%) monotherapy in a subcutaneous RCC xenograft tumor model in mice. The synergistic therapeutic efficacy is associated with the concurrent upregulation of death receptor 5 (DR5), downregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins, and suppression of the nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway. Collectively, RGD@EV-T-CUR potentially constitutes a novel cancer therapy, which is highly effective and safe for RCC treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42440253What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.