Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42444839›Full record

ReviewNeuropsychiatric disease and treatment2026

Determinants of Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment After Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Fangjia Shen, Xijuan Guo

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Fangjia ShenSchool of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0009-0004-7259-6090
Xijuan GuoDepartment of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0002-7228-4853

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is frequently complicated by post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI), which significantly affects long-term prognosis and quality of life. However, the evidence regarding its risk factors remains inconsistent. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to December 30, 2025. Observational studies evaluating risk factors for PSCI after AIS were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using fixed- or random-effects models. Heterogeneity, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias were assessed. Results: Fifteen studies involving 30,022 participants were included. Age >75 years (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.04-1.10), female sex (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.41-2.10), diabetes (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.29-2.40), elevated C-reactive protein (CRP; OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.14-1.62), and lower educational level (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.12-1.38) were significantly associated with an increased risk of PSCI after AIS. Substantial heterogeneity was observed for some predictors, particularly age ( Conclusion: Several factors, including advanced age, female sex, diabetes, elevated CRP, and lower educational level, were associated with an increased risk of PSCI after AIS. These findings may support risk stratification and early monitoring strategies. However, the substantial heterogeneity observed for some predictors should be considered when interpreting the pooled estimates. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these associations and clarify causal relationships.

Indexed as

acute ischemic strokemeta-analysispost-stroke cognitive impairmentrisk factors

Identifiers

PMID42444839
PMCPMC13361418

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.