ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2026
Precision Nanomedicine for Renal Tubular Injury: From Passive Accumulation to Subcellular Targeting.
Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Renal tubular epithelial cell injury is a central pathogenic feature of kidney diseases, yet precise therapeutic interventions remain elusive. Conventional nanomedicines relying on passive accumulation lack the specificity required to treat complex tubular pathologies. This review elucidates the evolution of renal nanotherapeutics from non-specific organ accumulation to active, biologically informed targeting. We examine strategies utilizing specific surface receptors and injury-associated microenvironmental signals to engineer ligand-directed and stimuli-responsive nanocarriers. Furthermore, we highlight biomimetic platforms, such as engineered extracellular vesicles. Crucially, to achieve the ultimate goal of precision intervention, we emphasize the necessity of subcellular targeting. With a primary focus on mitochondria, we delineate hierarchical delivery strategies designed to restore cellular bioenergetics and metabolic homeostasis. Finally, we provide a forward-looking perspective on overcoming translational barriers by integrating DNA barcoding and artificial intelligence to accelerate the discovery of clinically translatable, precision nanomedicines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.