Evidence mapPaperPMID 42445915Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Plant-based diet, metabolic signature, genetic susceptibility, and risk of musculoskeletal disorders: a large-scale population-based prospective cohort study.

Sirui Zheng, Xin Song, Bin Yang, Minghao Jin, Xiaofeng Ma, Di Zhang, Bowen Lei, Yang Qu, Rong Xiang, Xunying Zhao and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Sirui Zheng *Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Xin Song *Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Bin YangDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Minghao JinDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Xiaofeng MaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Di ZhangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Bowen LeiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Yang QuDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Rong XiangDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Xunying ZhaoDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Tao HanDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Jinyu ZhouDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Ting YuDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Maoyao XiaDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Yangdan ZhongDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Jiawei LiuDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Jiayuan LiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Mengyu FanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Xia JiangDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aims: To explore the association between plant-based diets, diet-related metabolic signatures, and the risk of total and specific musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), while accounting for genetic susceptibility. Methods: We analyzed data from 107,983 participants in the UK Biobank. Plant-based diet indices [PDI, unhealthy PDI (uPDI), and healthy PDI (hPDI)] were calculated via 24-h dietary recalls. Elastic net regression was applied to generate PDIs-related metabolic signatures. Polygenic risk score (PRS) was constructed to quantify genetic susceptibility to MSDs. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the associations of PDIs, metabolic signatures, and PRS with the risk of incident MSDs. Mediation analysis was conducted to assess whether metabolic signatures mediated the PDIs-MSDs relationship. Results: Over a median follow-up of 11.6 years, 31,097 participants developed any MSDs. Higher PDI was associated with a reduced risk of total MSDs (HR = 0.98, 95% CIs = 0.96-1.00) whereas higher uPDI was associated with an increased risk of total MSDs (HR = 1.02, 95% CIs = 1.00-1.04). The magnitude of effect became more pronounced when using the corresponding PDI-related metabolic signature as exposure (HR = 0.97, 95% CIs = 0.95-0.98). While no significant effect was found for hPDI (HR = 1.00, 95% CIs = 0.98-1.02), its metabolic signature was associated with a lower risk of total MSDs (HR = 0.98, 95% CIs = 0.96-1.00). Results remained consistent across different genetic risk strata. No significant mediating effects of metabolic signatures on the PDIs-MSDs associations were observed. When extended to the five specific MSDs (rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, lower back pain, neck pain and gout), similar patterns of results were observed. Conclusions: Adherence to a healthy plant-based diet as reflected by higher PDI and hPDI is associated with a lower risk of total and specific MSDs, while an unhealthy plant-based diet increases is associated with an elevated risk of these conditions. Our findings support the potential of a healthy plant-based diet in maintaining musculoskeletal health as well as the utility of metabolic signatures for optimizing dietary assessment and guiding personalized dietary interventions.

Indexed as

Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseMusculoskeletal DiseasesAdultAgedDiet, Plant-BasedFemaleGenetic Risk ScoreHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsUK BiobankUnited Kingdomcohort studygenetic susceptibilitymetabolic signaturemusculoskeletal disordersplant-based diet

Identifiers

PMID42445915
PMCPMC13357934

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.