Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42446111›Full record

ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2026

A Platform for the Actuation of Magnetically Labeled Skeletal Muscle Cells Using Dynamic Magnetic Stimulation.

Tayná C Rodrigues, Anna-Lena Bauknecht, Anna Gioran, Sabine Rosenfeldt, Daniel Dickes, Johann Schorzmann, Frank Döpper, Elisabetta A Cavalcanti-Adam, Michael Maier, Reinhard Richter and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Tayná C RodriguesChair of Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4160-9018
Anna-Lena BauknechtChair of Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
Anna GioranChair of Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-3276-4702
Sabine RosenfeldtChair of Physical Chemistry I, Faculty of Biology, Chemistry & Earth Sciences and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
Daniel DickesChair for Metals and Alloys, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
Johann SchorzmannFraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation (IPA), Stuttgart, Germany.
Frank DöpperFraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation (IPA), Stuttgart, Germany.
Elisabetta A Cavalcanti-AdamChair of Cellular Biomechanics, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
Michael MaierDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Reinhard RichterExperimental Physics V, Department of Physics, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
Marissa K CaldowCentre For Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Gordon S LynchCentre For Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Daniel E HeathDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-3171-886X
Andrea J O'ConnorDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Sahar SalehiChair of Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6740-4195

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 326998133 - TRR 225Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 409232653 (SA 3575/1-2)Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 497840077 (SA 3575/2-1)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Engineering skeletal muscle tissues with controllable bioactuation is essential for advances in biohybrid robotics, regenerative medicine, and high-fidelity disease models. Mechanical stimulation has been shown to replicate the effects of physical exercise, while magnetic stimulation allows the manipulation of cells in a non-invasive manner. Here, a platform based on Helmholtz coil pair for magnetic stimulation is developed. To focus the stimulation through mechanotransduction, magnetic microspheres (MMS) were conjugated to myoblast integrins at defined MMS-to-cell ratios, functioning as microscale actuators under alternating magnetic fields. Exposure of non-labeled C2C12 cells to ∼2.9 mT, 50 Hz magnetic fields enhanced myogenic differentiation, with significantly increased fusion indices after 10 and 30 min of daily stimulation. Remarkably, MMS-labeled cells (1:1 ratio) required only 2 min of daily stimulation to achieve comparable enhancement, demonstrating the efficacy of targeted microactuation. Mechanistic analysis revealed elevated nuclear localization of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in stimulated MMS-labeled cells, confirming activation of force-dependent signaling pathways. qRT-PCR analysis further supported these findings, showing stimulation-associated upregulation of myogenic genes, particularly in MMS-labeled cells. The integration of cell labeling with dynamic magnetic fields offers new opportunities for remote stimulation strategies in biofabrication, muscle tissue engineering, and therapeutic approaches for muscle tissue.

Indexed as

Magnetic FieldsMagneticsMuscle, SkeletalAnimalsCell DifferentiationCell LineMechanotransduction, CellularMiceMicrospheresTissue EngineeringHelmholtz coil stimulationmagnetic microactuationmagnetic microspheresmechanotransductionmyogenic differentiationYAP signaling

Identifiers

PMID42446111
PMCPMC13533221

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.