Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42448446›Full record

SynthesisRenal failure2026

Novel biomarkers for acute kidney injury in high-risk pediatric populations: a systematic review.

Kyle Backston, Benjamin Buehrer, Defne Ezgü, Pranav Sivaram, Shay Tanna, Riddhima Koka, Sidharth Kumar Sethi, Michael Moritz, Rupesh Raina

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Renal failure, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Kyle BackstonCollege of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA.
Benjamin BuehrerCollege of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA.
Defne EzgüFaculty of Medicine, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
Pranav SivaramCollege of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA.
Shay TannaAkron Nephrology Associates/Cleveland Clinic Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH, USA.
Riddhima KokaAkron Nephrology Associates/Cleveland Clinic Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH, USA.
Sidharth Kumar SethiPaediatric Nephrology and Paediatric Kidney Transplantation, Kidney and Urology Institute, Medanta, The Medicity Hospital, Gurgaon, India.
Michael MoritzDepartment of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA.
Rupesh RainaAkron Nephrology Associates/Cleveland Clinic Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is currently diagnosed in pediatric patients by measuring rises in serum creatinine. The objective of this systematic review is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of novel biomarkers for early detection or prediction of pediatric AKI across a variety of high-risk pediatric populations. Relevant studies were searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Observational studies and randomized trials assessing diagnostic biomarkers for AKI in high-risk pediatric populations were included, while studies limited to traditional biomarkers, adult populations, or non-original research were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. The review was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261293432). Diagnostic accuracy outcomes included AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and other performance measures. 53 total studies were included and grouped into 1 of 5 categories based on the specific population of pediatric patients studied and the general etiology of their AKI. Of note, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule-1, and cystatin-C were among the most studied biomarkers and showed significant promise as reliable indicators of kidney injury. The product of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7, interleukin-18, and others showed some evidence of being predictive, early markers of AKI and warrant additional investigation. The review further discusses the integration of novel biomarkers within existing clinical detection frameworks, including validated risk stratification tools and emerging FDA-approved biomarker assays, to contextualize their translational potential in high-risk pediatric populations. Future advances in precision medicine may lead to earlier diagnosis and better prognosis for pediatric patients suffering from AKI.

Indexed as

Acute Kidney InjuryBiomarkersChildCreatinineCystatin CHepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1HumansInsulin-Like Growth Factor Binding ProteinsInterleukin-18Lipocalin-2Sensitivity and SpecificityTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2BiomarkersCreatinineCystatin CHAVCR1 protein, humanHepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding ProteinsInterleukin-18LCN2 protein, humanLipocalin-2TIMP2 protein, humanTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2Acute kidney injurybiomarkerscritical careearly diagnosispediatric

Identifiers

PMID42448446
PMCPMC13371478

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.