Evidence mapPaperPMID 42451672Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Preparation of Platycodin D Microspheres and Their Protective Effects on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Jingjing Huang, Xiong Han, Lixia Yang, Qiong Shen, Yuxin Pang, Yanfei Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jingjing HuangPharmacy College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China.
Xiong HanPharmacy College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China.
Lixia YangPharmacy College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China.
Qiong ShenState Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Yuxin PangPharmacy College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China.
Yanfei LiPharmacy College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China.

Funding

Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine ([2025] No. 16)Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine zyyzdxk-2023186Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation LQN25H280004
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) faces numerous challenges. Oral insulin (Ins) and other short-acting compounds still encounter significant obstacles in the hostile gastrointestinal environment, including low bioavailability and rapid metabolic clearance. Platycodin D (PD) is a natural compound with demonstrated hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering effects. In this study, PD was encapsulated using alginate to prepare orally administrable, pH-responsive, gut-targeted gel microspheres (PD@MPs), and their efficacy in improving T2DM prognosis was investigated. In vitro release studies demonstrated that PD@MPs avoided degradation by gastric acid and were released in the intestine. Cell experiments indicated that PD possessed significant antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. Masson, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining revealed that PD@MPs alleviated inflammation in key metabolic organs and maintained normal pancreatic tissue function and morphology. Western blot analysis assessed the expression of proteins related to hepatic glycogen synthesis, including IRS-1, GLUT2, GSK-3β, and AKT. The research results indicate that the assembly strategy using sodium alginate (SA) as the coating layer has enabled the oral administration of PD and has demonstrated its potential in the treatment of diabetes.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Hypoglycemic AgentsMicrospheresSaponinsTriterpenesAdministration, OralAlginatesAnimalsAntioxidantsHumansMaleAlginatesAntioxidantsHypoglycemic Agentsplatycodin DSaponinsTriterpenesantioxidantnatural compoundspH-responsivePlatycodin Dtype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID42451672
PMCPMC13363227

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.