Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42453541›Full record

ArticleJournal of multidisciplinary healthcare2026

Reshaping Smart Pharmacy in TCM Hospitals via High-Reliability Organization Theory.

Tiantian Cai, Wendong Yao, Xingxing Yan, Yayun Weng, Jianjun Zhang, Lanyu Wang, Weiling Wang, Weijiang Zhan, Jianping Wang, Juan Jin and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Tiantian CaiDepartment of pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
Wendong YaoDepartment of pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
Xingxing YanDepartment of pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
Yayun WengDepartment of pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
Jianjun ZhangDepartment of pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0003-3313-2387
Lanyu WangDepartment of pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
Weiling WangDepartment of pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
Weijiang ZhanDepartment of pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
Jianping WangDepartment of pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
Juan JinDepartment of pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
Zheng ShiDepartment of pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The advent of digital intelligence technologies has offered innovative solutions for drug data mining and efficacy prediction, facilitated the development of clinical pharmacy information systems, and enabled intelligent decision support for rational medication use. Nevertheless, current technological innovations and application studies have yet to establish a systematic framework for the comprehensive management and application of pharmaceutical services. In particular, pharmacy services in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospitals remain relatively underdeveloped due to the distinctive characteristics of TCM. Aim: Based on high-reliability organization theory, we construct an intelligent pharmaceutical service system with TCM characteristics to guarantee operational safety and reliability, and implement digital and intelligent management for pharmaceutical services. Methods: The present study constructs a smart pharmaceutical service system with distinct TCM characteristics, grounded in HRO theory. Targeting the operational characteristics and service demands of clinical pharmacy in public hospitals, we established a digital intelligent pharmaceutical system with a "one center, two supports, six platforms" architecture under the guidance of high-reliability organization theory. Relevant evaluation indicators were compared pre- and post-implementation of the system, covering drug return rate, average approval turnaround time, clinician satisfaction, medical record compliance rate, PPI rational use rate, appeal review success rate of clinicians, proportion of ADR reports with proactive warnings, and monthly ADR reporting volume. Results: Grounded in High Reliability Organization Theory, the smart pharmacy system integrates the functional modules of six major platforms and the unique strengths of traditional Chinese medicine. This system encompasses the entire spectrum of pharmaceutical service processes, including pre-event prevention, in-event intervention, and post-event evaluation, thereby forming a complete closed-loop quality management system. The Internet-based Hospital Quality Control Platform reduced the annual rates of refunds and drug returns. The Multidimensional Tiered Drug Scientific Management Platform shortened the average approval processing time and improved clinical physicians' satisfaction. The Personalized Pharmacy Clinic Workstation enhanced the compliance rate of medical record quality control. The Homogenized Evaluation System increased the rational usage rate of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) while reducing the success rate of clinical physicians' appeals against evaluation results. The Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) System raised the proportion of proactive monthly ADR reports as well as the total volume of ADR reporting. Conclusion: By coordinating six major platforms, the smart-intelligent system achieves full-process and standardized management of pharmaceutical services. This framework not only enhances the quality and efficiency of pharmaceutical services in TCM (integrated) hospitals but also provides both theoretical underpinnings and practical pathways for the transformation of pharmaceutical service models.

Indexed as

digital intelligence technologyhigh-reliability organization theorysmart pharmaceutical servicestraditional Chinese medicine hospitals

Identifiers

PMID42453541
PMCPMC13367274

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.