ArticleUrologia internationalis2026
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Adverse In-Hospital Outcomes after Nephroureterectomy.
Article in Urologia internationalis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe effect of insulin dependence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on adverse in-hospital outcomes after nephroureterectomy (NU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is unknown.
methodsDescriptive statistics, propensity score matching (PSM), and multivariable regression models were applied to the National Inpatient Sample (2004-2019) UTUC patients treated with NU. T2DM was stratified between insulin-dependent (ID) and non-insulin-dependent (NID) subtypes.
resultsIn 10,761 NU patients, rates of ID-T2DM, and NID-T2DM were 2.7% and 19.1%, respectively. During the study period, ID-T2DM rates increased from 0.1 to 4.2% (estimated annual percentage change [EAPC]: +11.8%, p < 0.001), whereas NID-T2DM rates increased from 13.6 to 18.0% (EAPC: +1.1%, p = 0.045). After PSM, ID-T2DM patients (294 vs. 588 nondiabetic controls) exhibited higher rates of blood transfusions (+4.9%) and genitourinary complications (+7.8%), as well as higher total hospital charges (THCs; +9.3%). After multivariable adjustment, these increases translated into higher odds of blood transfusions (odds ratio [OR]: 1.88, p = 0.008) and genitourinary complications (OR: 1.40, p = 0.027), as well as higher THCs (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 1.08, p < 0.001). NID-T2DM patients (2,051 vs. 4,102 nondiabetic controls) exhibited smaller increases in blood transfusions (+2.5%) and THC (+5.3%), corresponding to OR 1.28 (p = 0.002) and IRR 1.05 (p < 0.001), respectively.
conclusionAlthough ID-T2DM represents a relatively small subgroup, its rates increased over time. ID-T2DM was associated with higher rates of blood transfusions, genitourinary complications, and increased THC after NU. These findings suggest that ID-T2DM patients undergoing NU may represent a potential target population for perioperative optimization to reduce surgical morbidity and resource utilization.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.