Observational studyBMJ open gastroenterology2026
Association between GLP-1-based therapy and small-bowel transit time during capsule endoscopy: a prospective, multicentre, observational study.
Observational study in BMJ open gastroenterology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the association between glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) based therapy and small-bowel transit time during capsule endoscopy.
methodsWe conducted a prospective, multicentre, observational study of consecutive adults undergoing small-bowel capsule endoscopy for standard clinical indications. Patients receiving GLP-1-based therapy, defined as treatment with a GLP-1 receptor agonist or dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/GLP-1 receptor agonist, were compared with non-exposed controls. The primary outcome was small-bowel transit time. Secondary outcomes included gastric transit time, capsule completion, bowel preparation quality, repeat-examination recommendation and endoscopic findings.
resultsAmong 129 participants, 34 were receiving GLP-1-based therapy and 95 were non-exposed controls. Exposed patients had longer unadjusted small-bowel transit time than controls (median 311.0 (IQR 252.8-433.0) vs 236.0 (188.0-282.5) min; p<0.001). Gastric transit time was not significantly different between groups (33.5 (15.2-51.8) vs 22.5 (11.0-42.5) min; p=0.263). Capsule completion was numerically lower among exposed patients, but the difference was not statistically significant (91.2% vs 98.9%; p=0.056). Repeat capsule recommendation (11.8% vs 3.2%; p=0.078) and clinically significant endoscopic findings (23.5% vs 34.7%; p=0.322) were also not significantly different. In multivariable linear regression restricted to examinations with calculable small-bowel transit time and complete covariate data, GLP-1-based therapy was independently associated with longer small-bowel transit time after adjustment for age, body mass index, diabetes mellitus and indication for capsule endoscopy (adjusted β+83 min, 95% CI 3.1 to 162.8; p=0.042).
conclusionGLP-1-based therapy was associated with longer small-bowel transit time during capsule endoscopy. These findings do not support routine discontinuation of GLP-1-based therapy before capsule endoscopy, but they support individualised assessment and larger studies powered to evaluate capsule completion and repeat examination.
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