Evidence mapPaperPMID 42457425Full record

ArticleBMJ open2026

What is the impact of modest increases in physical activity on the future burden of diabetes in Brazil? A modelling study and projection analysis from 2026 to 2050.

Natan Feter, Karoline Dos Santos Rodrigues, Danilo De Paula, Lauren Scherer, Jayne Feter, Natália Schröeder, Yohana Vieira, Juliana Q Rocha, Larissa Cunha, Luísa S Da Silva and 7 more

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Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Natan FeterHuman and Evolutionary Biology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6295-9792
Karoline Dos Santos RodriguesPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Danilo De PaulaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Lauren SchererPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Jayne FeterPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Natália SchröederPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Yohana VieiraPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil.
Juliana Q RochaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil.
Larissa CunhaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Luísa S Da SilvaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Gabriela W LopesPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Eduardo L CaputoCenter for Evidence Synthesis in Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Maria Inês SchmidtPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3837-0731
Samuel C DumithPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande, Brazil.
Airton J RombaldiPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Bruce B Duncan *Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Daniel Umpierre *Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil daniel.umpierre@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetes is a major global public health challenge, with rapidly rising incidence, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Physical activity is a well-established protective factor against type 2 diabetes (T2DM); however, the population-level impact of realistic modest increases in physical activity remains unclear.

objectivesTo estimate the burden of T2DM attributable to physical inactivity in Brazil and project the impact of modest increases in physical activity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsWe calculated the population attributable fractions (PAFs) and economic costs of diabetes due to physical inactivity in Brazil. We estimated the incidence of T2DM from 2026 to 2050 using data from the National Health Survey (2013 and 2019) and the Global Burden of Disease Study. The relative risk of incident diabetes across the physical activity continuum was extracted from a previous meta-analysis. We modelled scenarios simulating gradual increases in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and resistance exercise (RE) and projected economic impacts through 2050.

resultsFrom 2026 to 2050, 11.7% (95% uncertainty interval, UI 9.5% to 14.1%) of incident T2DM cases in Brazil (~3.7 million) might be attributable to physical inactivity, with higher PAFs among adults with lower education (PAF: 13.7%; 95% UI 11.1% to 16.4%) and in Mixed Race (12%; 95% UI 9.6% to 14.3%) and Black (11.9%; 95% UI 9.5% to 14.2%) populations. In a nonlinear dose-response association, increasing LTPA by 10, 20 or 30 min/day among inactive individuals could prevent 7.0% (2.20 million), 12.9% (4.05 million) and 16.0% (5.02 million) of incident cases, respectively, by 2050. For RE, the same daily increases could prevent 12.0% (3.80 million), 18.7% (5.87 million) and 22.5% (7.07 million) of cases. These increments could significantly reduce healthcare costs, starting at R$1.9 billion for the 10 min LTPA scenario, with the greatest impact observed from RE.

conclusionsPromoting small increases in physical activity could yield substantial health and economic benefits. Equitable public health strategies are essential to address disparities and halt the growing burden of diabetes in Brazil.

Indexed as

Cost of IllnessDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2ExerciseSedentary BehaviorAdultBrazilFemaleHealth SurveysHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2ExerciseRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID42457425
PMCPMC13374455

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.