Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42457673›Full record

ArticleBlood cancer journal2026

Epstein-Barr virus antibodies and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a pooled analysis of four prospective cohorts.

Lauren R Teras, Mariah Landry, James M Hodge, Parichoy Pal Choudhury, Brenda M Birmann, Wendy Cozen, Jonathan N Hofmann, Rima Jeske, Mark P Purdue, James R Cerhan and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Blood cancer journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Lauren R TerasDepartment of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA. lauren.teras@cancer.org.ORCID 0000-0003-2419-8536
Mariah LandryDepartment of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5332-8577
James M HodgeDepartment of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Parichoy Pal ChoudhuryDepartment of Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Brenda M BirmannChanning Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7550-5498
Wendy CozenDivision of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Samueli School of Public Health; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Jonathan N HofmannOccupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1043-5812
Rima JeskeDivision of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4596-3778
Mark P PurdueDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
James R CerhanDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7482-178X
Loïc Le MarchandEpidemiology Section, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Aisha BabiDivision of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Alpa V Patel *Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Tim Waterboer *Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.

Funding

NIH National Institutes of Health U01-CA164973
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) are among the most common cancers in the US, yet their etiology is mostly unknown. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a known driver of rare NHLs, but its role in common subtypes is unclear. We evaluated associations between antibodies to 16 EBV antigens, including 12 emerging markers (anti-: BARF1, BBRF1, BFRF1, BGLF2, BHRF1, BORF1, BPLF1, BRLF1, BXLF1, LF2, LMP1, VCAp40) and NHL risk in prediagnostic blood samples from 2134 case-control sets from 4 prospective cohort studies. Conditional logistic regression estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Associations across multiple antibodies were summarized using a β‑weighted score (EBVAb score). Eight markers were positively associated with NHL risk. Anti-LMP1 was associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL; OR = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.12-7.19) only. Six lytic markers (anti-: BGLF2, VCAp40, BFRF1, BARF1, BHRF1, BXLF1) were associated with a 2-3 times higher risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL). Lytic marker associations for DLBCL and follicular lymphoma (FL) were weaker, with exceptions: anti-BXLF1 and DLBCL: OR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.33-3.81; anti-BHRF1 and FL: OR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.22-6.18. Anti-EBV scores > 0 were associated with ~50% higher NHL risk, strongest for CLL/SLL (Tertile 3: OR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.30-4.55). Select EBV antibodies may serve as markers of common NHL risk.

Indexed as

Antibodies, ViralEpstein-Barr Virus InfectionsHerpesvirus 4, HumanLymphoma, Non-HodgkinAdultAgedBiomarkers, TumorCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsAntibodies, ViralBiomarkers, Tumor

Identifiers

PMID42457673
PMCPMC13373235

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.