Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42459664›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Immune profiling shows limited systemic changes in children with autism after autologous cord blood transfusion.

Yik-Lam Cho, Zoe Mei Yun Tay, Nicholas Kim Huat Khoo, Rachel Meau Yenn Cheong, Su Li Poh, Judith Ju Ming Wong, Katherine Nay Yaung, Martin Wasser, Salvatore Albani, Joyce Ching Mei Lam and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Yik-Lam ChoTranslational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
Zoe Mei Yun TayTranslational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
Nicholas Kim Huat KhooTranslational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
Rachel Meau Yenn CheongTranslational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
Su Li PohTranslational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
Judith Ju Ming WongTranslational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
Katherine Nay YaungTranslational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
Martin WasserTranslational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
Salvatore AlbaniTranslational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
Joyce Ching Mei LamPaediatrics Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
Chui Mae Wong *Paediatrics Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
Joo Guan Yeo *Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD or autism) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social difficulties and restricted, repetitive behaviors, and is a leading cause of morbidity in children and adolescents. Immune dysregulation, including neuroinflammation, brain autoantibodies, and altered adaptive responses, has been implicated in autism pathophysiology. To address these immune alterations, autologous cord blood transfusion has been proposed as a therapy, given its abundance of immune regulatory cells and lack of rejection risk. Methods: Using multi-parametric mass cytometry, we profiled the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from children with autism at pre-transfusion and 6 months post-transfusion to assess the effects of this intervention on effector and regulatory subsets. Results: Our results showed that transfusion did not increase regulatory T or B cells. However, there was a decrease in CD4+ Central Memory (CM) T cells and memory B cells 6 months after transfusion that are not attributable to changes related to an increase in age. Discussion: Our findings suggest that autologous cord blood transfusion does not appear to provide major systemic immunoregulatory benefits in children with autism.

Indexed as

Autism Spectrum DisorderAutistic DisorderBlood Transfusion, AutologousCord Blood Stem Cell TransplantationFetal BloodAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansImmunophenotypingMaleT-Lymphocytes, Regulatoryautism spectrum disorderchildrencord bloodimmune profilingmass cytometry

Identifiers

PMID42459664
PMCPMC13368730

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.