Evidence mapPaperPMID 42463280Full record

ArticleRMD open2026

GLP-1 receptor agonists in systemic lupus erythematosus: a scoping review.

Robin Sia, Ee Lynn Ting, Suet-Wan Choy, Shereen Oon

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in RMD open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Robin SiaDepartment of Rheumatology, Northern Hospital Epping, Epping, Victoria, Australia robinsiawaijen@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0953-4669
Ee Lynn TingDepartment of Rheumatology, Northern Hospital Epping, Epping, Victoria, Australia.
Suet-Wan Choy *Department of Nephrology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
Shereen Oon *Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are increasingly recognised for benefits beyond glycaemic control, including anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic and potential immunomodulatory effects. Given the high burden of metabolic dysfunction, accelerated cardiovascular disease and chronic systemic inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), significant interest has emerged regarding their therapeutic role in this population.

methodsWe conducted a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-guided scoping review of PubMed, Embase, Scopus and the Cochrane Library from database inception to April 2026, including peer-reviewed clinical studies, case series, case reports and relevant research evaluating GLP-1 RAs in SLE while excluding conference abstracts and unpublished material.

resultsFourteen studies were included, comprising narrative reviews, mechanistic analyses, editorials and case reports. Across these studies, GLP-1 RAs demonstrated consistent anti-inflammatory, metabolic and endothelial effects relevant to SLE, with mechanistic data suggesting reductions in cytokine signalling, oxidative stress and macrophage activation. Current evidence specific to SLE is largely derived from small observational cohorts, retrospective analyses and isolated case reports, while much of the supportive anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory data originate from preclinical studies or extrapolated from the broader rheumatic disease populations. GLP-1 RAs appear to have an acceptable safety profile in autoimmune populations, although drug-induced lupus was reported in two case studies.

conclusionCollectively, findings from the included studies suggest that GLP-1 RAs may provide metabolic and anti-inflammatory benefits in SLE with an acceptable safety profile; however, clinical data specific to SLE remain limited and large high-quality prospective clinical trials are required to refine therapeutic indications, optimal patient selection and immunological effects.

Indexed as

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsLupus Erythematosus, SystemicAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorHumansAnti-Inflammatory AgentsGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsAutoimmune DiseasesConnective Tissue DiseasesLupus Erythematosus, SystemicLupus NephritisTherapeutics

Identifiers

PMID42463280
PMCPMC13384179

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.