ArticleProtoplasma2026
Anatomical description and detection of aluminum in Aerial structures of adult plants of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.
Article in Protoplasma, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Anatomical insights from plant studies offer a unique way to understand the tissue-level adaptations that enable some species to develop aluminum (Al) tolerance. To conduct functional anatomy studies, methods are required that uphold both structural integrity and cellular chemical stability. Previous research on the Al-tolerant species in Fagopyrum esculentum has focused primarily on physiological mechanisms, leaving technical and structural gaps regarding its sequestration in tissues. This research presents a histochemical approach to elucidate Al compartmentalization in mature F. esculentum plants. Samples were preserved with a modified Zamboni fixative to avoid metal leaching before being embedded in glycol methacrylate (GMA). High-quality 12 μm sections were obtained. For anatomical description, Toluidine Blue O was utilized, while Chromazurol S (CAS) was employed for histochemistry. In addition, laser microdissection of the leaves and Al quantification by ICP-MS were performed. The results revealed a progressive acropetal gradient. The marginal papillae of the leaves exhibited a concentration of 4352 ± 0.5 mg Al*kg⁻¹ DW (1.6 times higher than the lamina fraction). This pattern shows that Al sequestration in this region is a permanent trait inherited from the developmental start. This study offers a replicable foundation for exploring metal compartmentalization and detoxification processes in F. esculentum and related metal-tolerant herbaceous plants.
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