ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Identification of key vaginal microbial signatures and immune remodeling associated with HR-HPV clearance following Kushen Gel treatment: a longitudinal analysis.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection drives cervical carcinogenesis, often exacerbated by vaginal dysbiosis and localized immune dysfunction. Kushen Gel shows clinical promise, yet its impact on microbial-immune crosstalk during HR-HPV clearance remains unclear. This study elucidates the microbial remodeling and immune shifts associated with Kushen Gel-mediated HR-HPV regression. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 230 vaginal swabs (130 pre-treatment, 100 post-treatment) via 16S rRNA sequencing characterized community structural shifts. Subsequently, a prospective cohort of 35 patients with persistent HR-HPV infection (defined as laboratory-confirmed positive HR-HPV DNA for ≥12 months) validated clinical outcomes (HR-HPV clearance, vaginal pH, Nugent scores) alongside paired 16S rRNA sequencing and ELISA-based quantification of cervicovaginal cytokines (IL-8, IL-6, TNF- Results: Kushen Gel intervention significantly decreased microbial alpha diversity and was associated with a distinct beta-diversity shift toward a stable, Conclusion: Kushen Gel is associated with HR-HPV clearance and concurrent vaginal microenvironment remodeling, marked by suppressed anaerobic-driven inflammation and an enhanced IFN-
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