Association of the miR-146a rs57095329 polymorphism with susceptibility and clinical phenotypes in Parkinson's disease.

Objective the study investigated the association of rs57095329 polymorphism with Parkinson's disease (PD) susceptibility, clinical features, and miR-146a expression. Methods in this case-control study (204 PD patients, 218 controls), rs57095329 genotype was performed using TaqMan assays. Serum miR-146a expression levels were detected via RT-qPCR. Statistical evaluation included ROC analysis to assess the diagnostic value of miR-146a, Pearson correlation analysis to examine its association with clinical scores (UPDRS-III, H-Y stage, and MoCA), and logistic regression to identify risk factors associated with PD. Results the dominant model genotypes (AG/GG) and the G allele conferred a reduced risk of PD compared to the AA genotype. This protective relevance was more pronounced in individuals aged ≥ 60 years and those with diabetes. Carriers of the AG/GG genotype presented with lower UPDRS-III scores and H-Y staging, together with higher MoCA scores and upregulated miR-146a levels.Serum miR-146a demonstrated outstanding diagnostic accuracy and correlated inversely with PD severity, and was identified as an independent protective factor for PD. Conclusion the miR-146a rs57095329 polymorphism confers reduced susceptibility to PD, with the G allele exerting a protective effect. Reduced serum miR-146a expression was an independent protective marker and shown promising diagnostic value for PD.