ReviewDigestive diseases and sciences2026
Type 3 Autoimmune Pancreatitis: What Do We Know So Far?
Review in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
The increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment has led to a rise in immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Type 3 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP-3) has been proposed as a rare form of pancreatic injury induced by ICIs with autoimmune pancreatitis-like features and variable presentations. Its diagnosis is not straightforward. Moreover, the role of available therapeutic options, particularly mainly glucocorticosteroids (GCS), remains uncertain. Currently, there are no clear guidelines for AIP-3 management. Data on AIP-3 are derived mainly from small retrospective studies and provide limited-quality evidence. In addition, the diagnostic criteria and management of AIP-3 vary substantially between studies. Some researchers have classified asymptomatic pancreatic enzyme elevations during ICI therapy as AIP-3; however, isolated hyperlipasemia should not be considered sufficient for this diagnosis. This comprehensive, narrative review summarizes current knowledge about AIP-3 and discusses epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical presentations, diagnosis, and treatment based on the most recent evidence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.