Evidence mapPaperPMID 42470043Full record

ArticleMedicine2026

Investigating the mechanisms linking vitamin D to coronary artery disease: A mediating proteomics Mendelian randomisation study.

Yanqiong Xue, Shunhua Cao, Linxia Zhang, Jiaquan Chen, Aili Ning

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In one paragraph

Article in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yanqiong XueDepartment of Cardiology, Yiyang Central Hospital, Medical Education Center of Jinan University, Yiyang, Hunan, China.
Shunhua CaoDepartment of Cardiology, Yiyang Central Hospital, Medical Education Center of Jinan University, Yiyang, Hunan, China.
Linxia ZhangDepartment of Cardiology, Yiyang Central Hospital, Medical Education Center of Jinan University, Yiyang, Hunan, China.
Jiaquan ChenDepartment of Cardiology, Yiyang Central Hospital, Medical Education Center of Jinan University, Yiyang, Hunan, China.
Aili NingDepartment of Geriatrics, Yiyang Central Hospital, Medical Education Center of Jinan University, Yiyang, Hunan, China.ORCID 0009-0005-0031-2877

Funding

Jiont research foundation organized by Hunan University of Chinese Medicine and Yiyang Central Hospital 2022XYLH106Scientific Research Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission D202303018575
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally, with its elevated rates of disability and death posing a significant public health concern. Vitamin D is a crucial bioactive compound involved in numerous physiological processes and has garnered considerable interest due to its potential health benefits. The association between vitamin D and CAD has been a prominent focus of scholarly investigation. However, there remains considerable debate regarding whether vitamin D confers protective effects against CAD, and the underlying mechanisms by which vitamin D influences CAD remain inadequately understood. Mendelian randomization analysis was performed using large-scale genome-wide association study data to examine the causal relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and CAD. Plasma proteomics data were subsequently employed for mediation analysis, followed by enrichment analysis to identify intermediary metabolic or signaling pathways through which serum 25(OH)D may mediate the onset and progression of CAD. The Mendelian randomization analysis indicated that higher serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with a reduced risk of CAD (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.799 [0.643-0.993], P = .043). No evidence of pleiotropy (P = .949) or heterogeneity (P = .630) was observed in the results. The protein-mediated analysis identified 19 plasma proteins, including Serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1, membrane associating domain domain-containing protein 2, and interleukin-17D, as key mediators through which reduced vitamin D levels contribute to the development of CAD. The mediation effects ranged from 4.85 to 34.49%. Following the identification of these 19 mediating proteins, 59 intermediary pathways were further pinpointed through which serum vitamin D influences CAD risk. Increased levels of 25(OH)D may reduce the risk of CAD. Further, plasma proteomics-mediated analyses have uncovered potential mechanisms through which 25(OH)D influences the development of CAD, offering a detailed framework for understanding the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and CAD progression. This provides novel evidence to support the recommendation of appropriate vitamin D supplementation as part of lifestyle guidance for CAD patients.

Indexed as

Coronary Artery DiseaseProteomicsVitamin DGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMendelian Randomization Analysis25-hydroxyvitamin DVitamin Dcausal relationshipcoronary artery diseasemediation analysisplasma proteomicsvitamin D

Identifiers

PMID42470043
PMCPMC13384664

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.