Evidence mapPaperPMID 42470526Full record

ArticleMolecular neurobiology2026

Associations of Insulin Sensitivity with Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Dementia: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Yan Fu, Pei-Yang Gao, Wei Xu, Lan Tan

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Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yan Fu *Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
Pei-Yang Gao *Department of Neurology & Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
Wei XuDepartment of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
Lan TanDepartment of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China. dr.tanlan@163.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8759-7588

Funding

Brain Science and Brain-like Intelligence Technology - National Science and Technology Major Project 2022ZD0211600National Natural Science Foundation of China 82271475
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Impaired insulin sensitivity has been implicated in neurodegeneration, but whether clinically accessible indices of insulin sensitivity predict dementia risk in the general population remains unclear. We examined associations of the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), a validated marker of insulin sensitivity, with incident all-cause dementia (ACD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD), and assessed whether eGDR modifies genetic susceptibility to AD. We included 290,898 dementia-free participants from the UK Biobank. eGDR was calculated using waist circumference, hypertension, and glycated hemoglobin. AD polygenic risk score (AD-PRS) was categorized into tertiles. Longitudinal associations were assessed using Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models, with restricted cubic splines employed to examine potential non-linear relationships. Joint effects and interactions between eGDR and AD-PRS were evaluated. The robustness of findings was tested through extensive subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Over a mean follow-up of 13.23 years, 4794 participants developed ACD, 2138 developed AD, and 1070 developed VaD. KM curve revealed that dementia incidence differed significantly across eGDR quartiles (all log-rank P < 0.001). RCS showed significant non-linear inverse associations between eGDR and dementia risk (all P for non-linearity < 0.001). In fully adjusted Cox models, each 1-unit higher eGDR was associated with lower risk of ACD (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.90-0.94), AD (0.94, 0.92-0.97), and VaD (0.82, 0.78-0.85). Compared with eGDR-Q1, Q4 had lower risks of ACD (HR 0.67), AD (HR 0.70), and VaD (HR 0.42) (all P < 0.001). eGDR modified AD genetic risk (P for interaction < 0.001); participants with low AD-PRS and high eGDR had the lowest AD risk (HR 0.17, 95% CI 0.12-0.23 vs. high AD-PRS and low eGDR group). Findings were consistent across subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Higher eGDR, indicative of greater insulin sensitivity, was associated with reduced risk of incident all-cause and cause-specific dementia, with a significant non-linear inverse dose-response relationship observed. Individuals with both high eGDR low high AD-PRS exhibited the lowest risk of developing AD. These findings suggest that insulin sensitivity may represent a modifiable target for dementia prevention, particularly among individuals with elevated genetic susceptibility.

Indexed as

DementiaInsulin ResistanceAgedFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMaleProspective StudiesRisk FactorsDementiaEGDRInsulin sensitivityLongitudinalPRSUK Biobank

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.