Evidence mapPaperPMID 42470595Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of pediatrics2026

Social jetlag and academic performance in adolescents: insights from a region with structural circadian misalignment.

Lina América Sánchez-Charcopa, Camila Miño, Rodrigo Yañéz-Sepúlveda, José Adrián Montenegro-Espinosa, Fiorella Quiroz-Cárdenas, Emily Sofhía Cisneros-Vásquez, Lucille Ridgell, Carlos Cristi-Montero, Dong Keon Yon, José Francisco López-Gil

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Lina América Sánchez-CharcopaSchool of Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador.
Camila MiñoEuropean Institute of Higher Studies, IEES, Fafe, Portugal.
Rodrigo Yañéz-SepúlvedaFaculty Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile.
José Adrián Montenegro-EspinosaUniversidad Autónoma del Paraguay, Asunción, Paraguay.
Fiorella Quiroz-CárdenasVicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile.
Emily Sofhía Cisneros-VásquezUniversidad Internacional Para El Desarrollo (UNINDE), Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
Lucille RidgellCarver University, Orlando, FL, USA.
Carlos Cristi-MonteroIRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
Dong Keon YonCenter for Digital Health, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
José Francisco López-GilSchool of Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador. josefranciscolopezgil@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study explored the association between social jetlag and academic performance among adolescents in Spain, a country with structural circadian misalignment. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 788 adolescents (55% female, 12-17 years) from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) study in the Valle de Ricote, Spain. Social jetlag was calculated as the absolute difference between usual weekend and weekday bedtimes (primary exposure), derived from self-reported school and weekend sleep/wake times. Academic performance was assessed via official school records: grade point average (GPA) and individual grades in language, math, foreign language, and a Programme for International Assessment (PISA) type composite score (mean of language, maths, and science grades; not the OECD PISA test). Ordinal regression models, with social jetlag as both a continuous and categorical variable, were adjusted for key confounders including age, sex, socioeconomic status, body mass index, and overall sleep duration. Each 1-h increase in social jetlag was associated with lower odds of achieving higher GPA (odds ratio [OR] = 0.76; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.68-0.85), language (OR = 0.80; 95% CI 0.71-0.90), maths (OR = 0.81; 95% CI 0.72-0.91), foreign language (OR = 0.75; 95% CI 0.67-0.85), and PISA-type composite (OR = 0.76; 95% CI 0.66-0.88) grades (all p < 0.01). When categorized, only severe social jetlag (> 2 h) was consistently linked to poorer academic performance across all assessed outcomes, compared to those with no social jetlag (< 1 h).

conclusionSevere social jetlag was associated with lower academic performance in this cross-sectional study. The findings highlight the importance of aligning school schedules with adolescent chronobiology to mitigate the academic consequences of circadian misalignment. WHAT IS KNOWN: • Social jetlag, common in adolescents, is linked to adverse health outcomes. • Its association with academic performance is suggested but understudied in populations with structural circadian misalignment. WHAT IS NEW: • Each 1-h increase in social jetlag (weekday-weekend bedtime difference) was associated with lower odds of higher grades across multiple subjects among adolescents. • Severe social jetlag (> 2 h) was consistently associated with lower academic performance, while mild jetlag (1-2 h) showed no effect, suggesting a threshold pattern.

Indexed as

Academic PerformanceCircadian RhythmJet Lag SyndromeAdolescentChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleSleepSleep DurationSpainAcademic performanceAdolescentsCognitive outcomesSleep patternsSocial jetlag

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.