Evidence mapPaperPMID 42473955Full record

ArticleCanadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology2026

Investigating the Link Between Smoking and Fatty Liver via Ultrasound Elastography: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Study.

Yue Feng, Zhengqing Mu, Changsong Xu, Fan Zhou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yue FengDepartment of Ultrasound Medicine, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Yellow River West Road Huaiyin District Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China, njmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1777-8380
Zhengqing MuDepartment of Ultrasound Medicine, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Yellow River West Road Huaiyin District Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China, njmu.edu.cn.
Changsong XuDepartment of Ultrasound Medicine, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Yellow River West Road Huaiyin District Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China, njmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3620-3198
Fan ZhouDepartment of Ultrasound Medicine, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Yellow River West Road Huaiyin District Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China, njmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4918-1431

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the link between smoking and fatty liver, particularly the influence of different smoking patterns on its prevalence, aiming to provide insights for public health policies. PATIENTS AND

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from 6140 adults participating in the NHANES between 2017 and 2020. Participants were categorized into nonsmoking, secondhand smoke exposure, and active smoking groups based on serum cotinine levels. Multivariable regression models were used to assess the associations between smoking status and fatty liver, controlling for potential confounders.

resultsActive smokers showed a significantly higher prevalence of fatty liver compared to nonsmokers, especially among obese subgroups. In obese populations, both active smoking and secondhand smoke exposure remarkably increased the risk of fatty liver (OR = 2.51, p = 0.014). In contrast, a negative but statistically nonsignificant association was found between smoking and fatty liver in nonobese individuals.

conclusionTherefore, smoking, particularly among obese individuals, is a significant contributor to fatty liver. Raising public awareness of the risks associated with smoking could help enhance liver health and overall quality of life.

Indexed as

Elasticity Imaging TechniquesFatty LiverSmokingTobacco Smoke PollutionAdultCotinineCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysObesityPrevalenceRisk FactorsCotinineTobacco Smoke Pollutioncotininefatty liverNHANESsmoking behaviorultrasound

Identifiers

PMID42473955
PMCPMC13382998

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.