ArticleTropical animal health and production2026
Effect of melatonin supplementation on sperm quality in dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) under physiological and short-term cold storage conditions.
Article in Tropical animal health and production, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Melatonin, a potent antioxidant, has shown protective effects in other species, however, the optimal dose range and dose-dependent effects of melatonin on dromedary camel sperm quality under physiological conditions and short-term cold-storage conditions remain limited. This study evaluated the dose-dependent effects of melatonin on sperm kinematics parameters, viability, membrane integrity, and DNA fragmentation in dromedary camels under physiological incubation (36 °C) and after short-term cold storage (4 °C). Semen from four healthy adult males was collected and pooled into six composite samples to minimize inter-male variability, then allocated to five melatonin doses (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 mM) under vehicle-matched conditions. Sperm quality was assessed using computer-assisted sperm analysis, hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) test, eosin-nigrosine viability, and Sperm Chromatin Dispersion test (SCD). Data were analysed with mixed-effects models, and pairwise differences were assessed using Tukey-Kramer tests (α = 0.05). Results showed that melatonin improved multiple sperm quality traits at physiological temperature and during short term cold storage. A clear dose window (1-2 mM) yielded the most balanced protection of motility, viability (improved by 22.1% compared to control), membrane integrity (improved by 19.1%), and DNA stability (reduced fragmentation by 30.2%), whereas the 3 mM dose resulted in a plateau effect, offering no further enhancement in sperm preservation. This study revealed that melatonin may represent a promising additive for camel semen handling and short-term preservation, with 1-2 mM appearing as the most effective range for extenders.
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