ArticleJACC. Advances2026
All-Cause and Disease-Specific Mortality Among U.S. Adults Living With Co-Existing Cancer and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.
Article in JACC. Advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundDespite increasing evidence on the bi-directional association between cancer and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), less is known about differences in mortality among individuals with co-existing diseases.
objectiveWe examined all-cause and disease-specific mortality among U.S. adults living with cancer, ASCVD, and co-existing cancer and ASCVD.
methodsAmong adults aged ≥18 years in the National Health Interview Survey (2005-2018) linked to the National Death Index (through December 31, 2019), we estimated multivariable-adjusted HRs (aHRs) and 95% CIs using Cox proportional hazards models. Mortality outcomes were compared across individuals with cancer alone, ASCVD alone, and co-existing conditions, relative to those with neither condition.
resultsAmong 388,632 individuals, 1.3% had co-existing cancer and ASCVD, representing approximately 3.0 million U.S. adults annually. Over a mean follow-up of 7.2 years, co-existing disease was associated with the highest all-cause mortality (aHR, 2.45 [95% CI: 2.23-2.70]), exceeding ASCVD alone (aHR, 1.93 [1.82-2.04]) and cancer alone (aHR, 1.90 [1.77-2.04]). Co-existing disease was associated with elevated risks of both cancer mortality (aHR, 4.18 [3.48-5.03]) and cardiovascular mortality (aHR, 2.73 [2.30-3.24]). Among those living with co-existing diseases, older age (≥75 years) (aHR, 6.02 [1.97-18.37]), diabetes (aHR, 1.23 [1.03-1.46]), and current/former smoking status (aHR, 1.26 [1.07-1.49]) were associated with increased hazards of all-cause mortality.
conclusionsAmong community-dwelling U.S. adults living with cancer and/or ASCVD, co-existing disease was associated with substantially higher mortality. These findings highlight the elevated burden of mortality among individuals with co-existing cancer and ASCVD and underscore the importance of integrated cardio-oncology care.
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