Evidence mapPaperPMID 42479037Full record

ArticleBiomacromolecules2026

Design of Experiment-Assisted Development of Biodegradable Chitosan/Whey Protein Isolate Films as Advanced Pro-Regenerative Wound Dressings.

Caterina Valentino, Barbara Vigani, Marco Ruggeri, Angelica Pellegrini, Giampiero Pietrocola, Cinzia Boselli, Antonia Icaro Cornaglia, Giuseppina Sandri, Silvia Rossi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomacromolecules, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Caterina ValentinoDepartment of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100Pavia, Italy.
Barbara ViganiDepartment of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9080-4939
Marco RuggeriDepartment of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100Pavia, Italy.
Angelica PellegriniDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, P.le Golgi 2, 27100Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0009-0004-3339-3952
Giampiero PietrocolaDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, P.le Golgi 2, 27100Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7069-8155
Cinzia BoselliDepartment of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100Pavia, Italy.
Antonia Icaro CornagliaDepartment of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Forlanini 2, 27100Pavia, Italy.
Giuseppina SandriDepartment of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100Pavia, Italy.
Silvia RossiDepartment of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9511-3857

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chitosan (CS) and whey protein isolate (WPI) are promising biomacromolecules for wound healing; however, a rational understanding of how polymer-protein interactions influence the performance of wound dressings is still lacking. Herein, CS/WPI films were developed and optimized through a Design of Experiment (DoE) approach to investigate the influence of CS molecular weight (MW) and CS:WPI ratio on polymer-protein interactions, quantified by rheological synergism. The optimized formulation (CS:WPI 1:3 with medium-MW CS) demonstrated superior tensile strength (∼2.7 MPa), higher storage modulus (∼1 × 105 MPa in the dry state), and enhanced resistance to degradation (residual mass ∼50% after 7 days). These films showed the most pronounced antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, promoted fibroblast migration and proliferation without cytotoxic effects, and significantly enhanced wound regeneration in a murine model (5% residual wound area after 18 days). These results establish rheological synergism as an important parameter, an index of the extent of polymer-protein interactions, that are responsible of the formulation performance.

Indexed as

BandagesChitosanWhey ProteinsWound HealingAnimalsCell ProliferationFibroblastsMiceRheologyStaphylococcus aureusTensile StrengthChitosanWhey Proteins

Identifiers

PMID42479037
PMCPMC13463543

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.