Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42479050›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2026

Chrononutrition variables and thyroid function: evidence for a specific role of the time of the first meal.

Jingxuan Hu, Yumeng Lei, Yawen Yu, Changsi Wang, Hongfang Yang, Lin Zhu, Qi Nie, Jinrong Yang, Wei Yang, Huarong Ye and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Jingxuan Hu *Department of Medical Ultrasound, China Resources & Wisco General Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, China.
Yumeng Lei *Department of Medical Ultrasound, China Resources & Wisco General Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, China.
Yawen YuHealthy Hubei Development and Social Progress Research Center of the Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Changsi WangHealthy Hubei Development and Social Progress Research Center of the Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Hongfang YangHealthy Hubei Development and Social Progress Research Center of the Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Lin ZhuHealthy Hubei Development and Social Progress Research Center of the Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Qi NieDepartment of Medicine, Huanggang Polytechnic College, Huanggang, 438002, China.
Jinrong YangHealthy Hubei Development and Social Progress Research Center of the Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Wei YangHealthy Hubei Development and Social Progress Research Center of the Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Huarong YeDepartment of Medical Ultrasound, China Resources & Wisco General Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, China. yehuarong@hotmail.com.
Li ZhouHealthy Hubei Development and Social Progress Research Center of the Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China. zhouli2020@wust.edu.cn.

Funding

Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology JF2023-K02National Natural Science Foundation of China 82204038
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe aim of this study was to examine the associations between chrononutrition variables (time of first meal, time of last meal, and eating window) and thyroid function.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 608 healthy adults aged ≥ 18 years. Chrononutrition variables were collected through a face-to-face interview. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) levels. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between chrononutrition variables and thyroid hormones.

resultsAmong 608 healthy adults, later timing of the first meal was associated with higher TSH levels. In the fully adjusted model, participants who had their first meal after 08:30 had higher TSH levels than those who had their first meal at or before 07:30 (β = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.07 to 1.06; P trend = 0.02). In contrast, the time of last meal after 19:00 was not significantly associated with TSH levels (β = -0.07, 95% CI: -0.66 to 0.53; P trend = 0.63). An eating window longer than 11 h was also not significantly associated with TSH levels (β = -0.45, 95% CI: -0.97 to 0.08; P trend = 0.09). No significant associations were observed between the chrononutrition variables and FT3 or FT4 levels.

conclusionOur study suggested that the time of first meal, rather than the time of last meal or eating window, may be particularly relevant for TSH regulation.

Indexed as

MealsThyroid GlandAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedThyrotropinThyroxineTime FactorsTriiodothyronineYoung AdultThyrotropinThyroxineTriiodothyronineChrononutritionCross-sectional studyEating windowThyroid functionTime of first mealTime of last meal

Identifiers

PMID42479050

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.