Evidence mapPaperPMID 42479410Full record

ArticleObesity surgery2026

Association Between Delayed Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Completion and Postoperative Cardiometabolic Outcomes.

Sophia Ngenge, Folefac Atem, Jackson M Francis, Luyu Xie, M Sunil Mathew, Jaime P Almandoz, Elisa Marroquin, Carrie J McAdams, Jeffrey N Schellinger, Sachin Kukreja and 2 more

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Article in Obesity surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Sophia NgengeDepartment of Epidemiology, O'Donnell School of Public Health, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Folefac AtemUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
Jackson M FrancisDepartment of Epidemiology, O'Donnell School of Public Health, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Luyu XieQuantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Health Data Science and Biostatistics, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
M Sunil MathewDepartment of Epidemiology, O'Donnell School of Public Health, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Jaime P AlmandozDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Elisa MarroquinDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
Carrie J McAdamsDepartment of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Jeffrey N SchellingerDepartment of Ambulatory Services, Health System Affairs, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Sachin KukrejaDFW Bariatrics and General Surgery, Dallas, TX, USA.
Benjamin E SchneiderDepartment of Surgery, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Sarah E MessiahDepartment of Epidemiology, O'Donnell School of Public Health, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. Sarah.Messiah@UTSouthwestern.edu.

Funding

National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities R01MD011686
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDelays in completion of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) remain common and may adversely affect postoperative cardiometabolic recovery. This study examined whether delayed MBS completion was associated with differences in postoperative cardiometabolic outcomes over 24 months.

methodsThis prospective longitudinal cohort study included 413 adults referred to MBS from academic and community-based programs in Texas. Of these, 172 participants completed MBS within the study period and comprised the analytic sample for the present analysis. Repeated measures of weight and cardiometabolic biomarkers were collected before MBS and 6, 12- and 24-months post-MBS. Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate associations between cardiometabolic biomarkers (anthropometrics, HbA1c, lipids), timing of MBS completion (early completion: ≤3 months after referral; delayed completion: >3 to 15 months after referral), adjusting for covariates.

resultsAmong 172 adults who completed MBS, 66 completed surgery within 3 months of referral, and 106 completed surgery > 3 to 15 months post-referral. Among early completers, the median time from referral to surgery was 2.0 months (IQR 0.7-4.3), compared with 5.6 months (IQR 3.2-9.6) among delayed completers. Participants identified as 39.2% Non-Hispanic White, 39.0% Non-Hispanic Black, and 17.6% Hispanic. After multivariable adjustment, delayed MBS completers had higher total cholesterol (β = 14.52, 95% CI = 1.70 to 27.33, p = 0.026), higher non-HDL cholesterol (β = 16.96, 95% CI = 5.31 to 28.61, p = 0.004), higher cholesterol/HDL ratio (β = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.06 to 0.81, p = 0.024), and higher hemoglobin A1c levels (β = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.07 to 0.65, p = 0.016) compared to early completers post-MBS. Triglyceride levels were reduced significantly at 6 months (p < 0.001), 12 months (p = 0.002), and 24 months (p < 0.001). HDL levels increased significantly at 24 months (p < 0.001), whereas non-HDL cholesterol levels (p = 0.014) and cholesterol/HDL ratio (p = 0.001) reduced significantly at 24 months only. Weight, glucose, and HbA1c levels also decreased significantly over 24 months post-MBS (p < 0.05). A significant sex-specific effect was observed with women demonstrating higher levels of total cholesterol (p < 0.001), HDL (p < 0.001), LDL (p = 0.001), and non-HDL cholesterol (p = 0.001) compared to men.

conclusionDelayed completion of MBS was associated with less favorable postoperative cardiometabolic profiles, including higher total cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, cholesterol/HDL ratio, and HbA1c levels over 24 months following surgery. These findings support efforts to reduce delays in access to MBS and optimize timely surgical care.

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.