ArticleScientific reports2026
Emerging XDR and MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from Oreochromis niloticus reveal high pathogenicity, virulence determinants, antimicrobial resistance genes, and oprL sequence diversity.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa represents a considerable public health threat due to its role in severe human infections and a significant economic burden in aquaculture. To assess the prevalence, antibiogram, virulence, and resistance genes, and pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa, 200 Oreochromis niloticus were obtained from commercial fish farms in Port Said, Egypt, and underwent clinical, postmortem, and bacteriological examinations. Herein, the overall prevalence of P. aeruginosa was 20%, and the liver was recognized as the most prominently affected organ. Sequencing of the oprL gene showed that the examined strains shared notable genetic homology with other P. aeruginosa strains from the United Kingdom, USA, India, China, and Japan. The recovered P. aeruginosa strains showed remarkable resistance to tetracycline, amoxicillin, trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, gentamycin, erythromycin, and cefotaxime. Notably, a 6.4% imipenem resistance rate was observed among the retrieved strains, indicating a carbapenem-resistant phenotype. PCR ascertained that the most common virulence genes inherited by the recovered strains were the oprL (100%), toxA (94.9%), aprA (47.4%), exoS (38.4%), and phzM (35.9%) genes. A total of 64.1% of the tested P. aeruginosa strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR) to seven classes and harbored the bla
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