Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42481869›Full record

SynthesisEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2026

The incidence of sleepiness in newer-generation antihistamine users: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Nattawut Leelakanok, Anchana Pongpun, Bannawich Sapapsap, Nattanich Jirathawonkul, Nakarin Asawadachachanyoot, Parin Mama, Kansak Boonpattharatthiti, Charinrat Saechan, Natakorn Nokchan, Nattinee Leelakanok and 1 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewNetwork Meta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Nattawut LeelakanokDivision of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand.
Anchana PongpunDivision of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand. anchana.po@go.buu.ac.th.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-8721-9025
Bannawich SapapsapGraduate Program in Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Nattanich JirathawonkulDivision of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand.
Nakarin AsawadachachanyootDivision of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand.
Parin MamaDivision of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand.
Kansak BoonpattharatthitiDivision of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand.
Charinrat SaechanFaculty of Medical Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
Natakorn NokchanDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
Nattinee LeelakanokDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
Arpa PetchsomritDivision of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the incidence of sleepiness in patients who used newer-generation antihistamines.

methodsCINAHL Complete, Medline, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were systematically searched from inception to July 2025. The pairwise meta-analysis of the sleepiness incidence was conducted using a binary random-effects model. The network meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model in a frequentist framework. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I

resultsOne hundred and sixty-three studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. We found that 1.3% (95% CI: 1.0-1.6%, I

conclusionAll nonsedating antihistamines administered at their usual doses have a higher prevalence of sleepiness compared to the placebo. However, most of the prevalence values are not statistically different from those of the placebo.

Indexed as

Histamine AntagonistsHistamine H1 Antagonists, Non-SedatingSleepinessBenzimidazolesHumansIncidencePiperidinesBenzimidazolesbilastineHistamine AntagonistsHistamine H1 Antagonists, Non-SedatingPiperidinesHistamine H1 antagonistsIncidenceMeta-analysisNon-sedatingSleepiness

Identifiers

PMID42481869

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.