Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42482152›Full record

SynthesisRheumatology (Oxford, England)2026

Nutritional interventions and dietary supplements in muscle diseases: a systematic review.

Taanya Talreja, Deepanjali Vedantam, Pranathi Bandarupalli, Lakshmi Nagendra, Sheryl Salis, Karen Cheng, Teerin Liewluck, Debra Lupeika, Ashley MacLean, Latika Gupta

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Taanya TalrejaSeth GS Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Deepanjali VedantamShasta Regional Medical Centre, Redding, CA, USA.
Pranathi BandarupalliMercy Health, Toledo, Ohio, USA.
Lakshmi NagendraJSS Medical College, Mysore, India.
Sheryl SalisNurture Health Solutions, Mumbai, India.
Karen ChengInternational Myositis Society, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.ORCID 0009-0004-3850-8480
Teerin LiewluckDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0212-5697
Debra LupeikaDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Ashley MacLeanAssistant Sports Dietitian, Stanford University, CA, USA.
Latika GuptaDepartment of Rheumatology, Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2753-2990

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesMedical nutrition therapy significantly impacts cardiovascular risk and overall health, but effects on muscle diseases remain unclear. This systematic review evaluates the safety and efficacy of dietary interventions and supplements on muscle disease outcomes.

methodsA multidisciplinary team conducted a PRISMA-guided systematic review registered on PROSPERO. Searches were conducted across multiple databases and screened against pre-specified inclusion criteria.

resultsOf 107 full-text articles screened, 51 met inclusion criteria. Most identified interventions used dietary supplements rather than whole dietary approaches. In inflammatory myopathies, creatine (loading dose 20 g/day, maintenance 3 g/day) combined with exercise improved high-intensity functional performance in PM and DM over 6 months. In Duchenne muscular dystrophy, creatine (2-10 g/day for 8-16 weeks) improved maximal voluntary contraction and fatigue resistance. Carbohydrate-rich diets (65% CHO) reduced exercise-related symptoms in McArdle disease, while high-dose creatine (150 mg/kg/day) paradoxically worsened symptoms. Four trials of aceneuramic acid (6 g/day for 48 weeks) in GNE myopathy demonstrated dose-dependent strength improvements, leading to regulatory approval in Japan. High-protein supplementation showed positive trends for muscle preservation in critical illness myopathy. Quality assessment revealed 31% at low risk of bias, 49% with some concerns and 20% at high risk.

conclusionEvidence for nutritional interventions in muscle diseases remains limited, especially for inflammatory myopathies. The strongest support emerged for mechanistically targeted approaches: creatine with exercise, carbohydrate-rich and ketogenic diets in McArdle disease and sialic acid in GNE myopathy. Future research requires adequately powered multicentre trials with standardized outcomes, with focus on inflammatory myopathies.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsMuscular DiseasesNutrition TherapyCreatineHumansCreatinedietmuscular dystrophymyositisnutritionsupplements

Identifiers

PMID42482152
PMCPMC13600409

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.