Evidence mapPaperPMID 42482170Full record

Observational studyAdvances in rheumatology (London, England)2026

Muscle morphology changes over 1-year in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective cohort study using muscle ultrasound.

Leonardo Peterson Dos Santos, Rafaela Cavalheiro do Esíprito Santo, Émerson Pena, Stephanie Pilotti, Daniel Nóbrega Moraes, André Luiz Silveira Mallmann, Lucas Denardi Dória, Gabriel Eduardo Grave, Vanessa Hax, Nicole Pamplona Bueno de Andrade and 4 more

Abstract readObservational Study
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In one paragraph

Observational study in Advances in rheumatology (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Leonardo Peterson Dos SantosAutoimmune Disease Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil. leopetersondossantos@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8623-5596
Rafaela Cavalheiro do Esíprito SantoAutoimmune Disease Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.
Émerson PenaAutoimmune Disease Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.
Stephanie PilottiAutoimmune Disease Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.
Daniel Nóbrega MoraesAutoimmune Disease Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.
André Luiz Silveira MallmannAutoimmune Disease Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.
Lucas Denardi DóriaAutoimmune Disease Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.
Gabriel Eduardo GraveAutoimmune Disease Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.
Vanessa HaxRheumatology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Nicole Pamplona Bueno de AndradeRheumatology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Claiton Viegas BrenolRheumatology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Odirlei André MonticieloRheumatology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Rafael Mendonça da Silva ChakrRheumatology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Ricardo Machado XavierRheumatology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLow muscle mass is associated with physical disability in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), highlighting the need for regular muscle assessment. Muscle ultrasound (MU) is a promising tool for evaluating muscle morphology, however, longitudinal studies in RA are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate changes in quadriceps muscle thickness and pennation angle using MU and identify predictors of these changes.

methodsThis prospective observational cohort included women and men with RA. Muscle thickness and pennation angles of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus intermedius (VI), and vastus lateralis (VL) were assessed using MU. Disease activity was measured using the 28-joint Disease Activity Score based on C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP), muscle strength by the handgrip test, physical performance by Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), physical disability by Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and physical activity by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Paired t-tests, Pearson and Spearman correlations analyses, and multiple linear regression were conducted (p≤0.05).

resultAmong 155 RA patients (88.4% women), 106 completed the 1-year follow-up. The baseline mean age was 58.7±9.5 years, median disease duration was 11.0 (6.0-20.0) years, and mean DAS28-CRP was 3.02±1.29. At follow-up, women exhibited a 7% reduction in VL, 6% in RF, and 4% in VI pennation angles (p≤0.05). Men showed a 39% increase in RF and a 29% in VI muscle thickness (p≤0.05). In women, lower baseline DAS28-CRP and higher muscle strength were correlated with increased muscle thickness (p≤0.05), with DAS28-CRP identified as a predictor of changes in muscle thickness (β=-0.058; CI95%,-0.114 to -0.003).

conclusionRA women exhibited a decrease in pennation angle, while men had an increase in muscle thickness over time. Disease activity was a significant predictor of these changes in women, underscoring MU's clinical utility.

Indexed as

Arthritis, RheumatoidQuadriceps MuscleAgedFemaleHand StrengthHumansMaleMiddle AgedMuscle StrengthProspective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexUltrasonographyFunctionalityMuscle massMuscle strengthaRheumatoid arthritisUltrasound

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.