Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42482204›Full record

ArticleBMC psychiatry2026

Sleep duration variations across weekdays and weekends and their associations with generalised anxiety disorder and depressive symptoms in Nigerian adults.

Adekola B Ademoyegun, Niyi Akintayo, Atinuke Ogunmola, Oluwafunmilayo A Adeniyi, David O Fabuluje, Mosimiloluwa C Akinsole, Olumide A Olaoye, Taofeek O Awotidebe, Chidozie E Mbada

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Article in BMC psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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9 authors.

Adekola B AdemoyegunDepartment of Physiotherapy, Osun State University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, PMB 5000, Nigeria. aademoyegun@gmail.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7711-7835
Niyi AkintayoDepartment of Physiotherapy, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria.
Atinuke OgunmolaDepartment of Physiotherapy, Osun State University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, PMB 5000, Nigeria.
Oluwafunmilayo A AdeniyiCore Therapies, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, Lancashire, UK.
David O FabulujeDepartment of Physiotherapy, Osun State University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, PMB 5000, Nigeria.
Mosimiloluwa C AkinsoleDepartment of Physiotherapy, Osun State University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, PMB 5000, Nigeria.
Olumide A OlaoyeDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Taofeek O AwotidebeDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Chidozie E MbadaDepartment of Health Professions, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.

Funding

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSleep duration and weekday-weekend sleep variability are increasingly recognised as important determinants of mental health. However, evidence from African populations on the relationship between sleep patterns and symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and depression remains limited. This study examined the associations of sleep duration and multidimensional sleep patterns with GAD and depressive symptoms among Nigerian adults.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,223 adults with complete data. Weekday and weekend sleep duration were categorised as short (< 7 h), normal (7-9 h), or long (> 9 h). Sleep patterns were classified as: (1) optimally based (optimal, suboptimal weekday, suboptimal weekend, mixed) and (2) consistency based (consistent normal, consistent short, consistent long, inconsistent). Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using the GAD-7 and PHQ-9. Multivariable logistic regression examined associations between sleep variables and mental health outcomes.

resultsOverall, 55.8%, 36.4%, and 7.8% of participants reported short, normal, and long weekday sleep duration, respectively, compared with 36.7%, 47.8%, and 15.5% during weekends. The prevalence of GAD and depressive symptoms was 12.8% and 31.4%. Compared with normal sleep duration, short and long weekday sleep were associated with higher odds of GAD (AOR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.89-4.63 and AOR = 3.46, 95% CI: 1.68-7.10, respectively). Similarly, short and long weekend sleep were associated with higher odds of GAD (AOR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.44-3.25 and AOR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.75-4.87, respectively). Suboptimal weekday, mixed, consistent short, consistent long, and inconsistent sleep patterns were also significantly associated with GAD (AORs = 2.72-4.08). For depressive symptoms, long weekday sleep (AOR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.01-2.75), long weekend sleep (AOR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.81-3.73), suboptimal weekday sleep (AOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.02-1.94), mixed sleep patterns (AOR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.43-3.43), and inconsistent sleep patterns (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.26-2.48) were associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms.

conclusionBoth sleep duration and sleep regularity were associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms among Nigerian adults. Interventions targeting both sleep duration and sleep regularity may help promote mental well-being. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

Indexed as

Anxiety DisordersDepressionGeneralized Anxiety DisorderSleep DurationAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNigeriaYoung AdultAnxiety disordersDepressionMental healthNigeriaSleep durationSleep wake disorders

Identifiers

PMID42482204

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.